Eukaryotic Transcription Flashcards
Study for Genetics Exam 2
Where is TATA Box?
At -35 region
CAT Box
At -75 region
Transcription Initiation Site
+1
Basal Transcription Factors
Regulates initiation of transcription from any/all promoter(s)
- Binds to promoter sequence and allows for RNA pol II to bind
Regulatory Transcription Factors
Regulates initiation of transcription from a small number of promoters
- Binds either after promoter sequence or a difference sequence
RNA Polymerase II
Transcribes protein coding genes
Cis-Acting Elements
HAVE to be on the same DNA molecule as promoter
Trans-Acting Elements
Does NOT have to be on the same DNA molecule as promoter
Carboxy Terminal Domain (CTD)
The carboxy terminus of polypeptide
Phosphorylation
Adding a phosphate on a protein
Capping
- Addition of a 5’ methyl G cap to 5’ end
- 5’—-5’ linkage (weird)
- stabilizes mRNA
Splicing
Introns are removed from primary transcript and exons are joined together
Introns
INtervening
Why you take them out
Exons
EXpressed
snRPS
- “Small Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins”
- Recognizes intron ends and forms a spliceosome
Ribozymes
Catalyzes process of snRPS and reactions of different genes
Isoforms
Different forms of a product from the same gene
- Leads to different forms of proteins
- Allows for more regulation of process
Why introns are important!
Exon Shuffling
2 or more exons from different genes brought together
Poly-A Adenylace
- Makes RNA molecule more stable
- Prevents degredation
Self-Splicing Reaction
Does NOT involve proteins
Trans-Splicing Function
Combining exons from different genes
Termination
- Involves cleavage at the signal sequence and the addition of a poly-A tail
- Cleavage done by endonuclease
Domain
Region of a protein with specialized functions
