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Biology 340 > Bacterial Transcription > Flashcards

Bacterial Transcription Flashcards

Study for Genetics Exam 2

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1
Q

Transcription

A

Making RNA using DNA template

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2
Q

State all functions/characteristics

RNA Polymerase

A
  • Carries out transcription
  • Needs a template
  • Does NOT need 3’ OH
  • Always adds to 3’ end
  • Acts as a helicase
  • Synthesizes transcription
  • Elongates mRNA
  • Terminates sequence
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3
Q

RNA-like Strand

A

Has the same sequence as the new RNA molecule

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4
Q

+1 Site

A

Transcription initiation site

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5
Q

“Downstream”

A
  • The direction of transcription
  • Direction of RNA pol
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6
Q

Promoter

A

DNA sequence where initiation of transcription happens

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7
Q

Sigma Factor

A

Protein that determines efficiency of initiation transcription

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8
Q

Holoenzyme

A

Complete, functional enzyme that is catalytically active (+sigma)

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9
Q

Core Enzyme

A

Is made up of alpha and beta polypeptides

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10
Q

Vegetative

A
  • Principle sigma factor
  • Helps Ecoli find promoters for transcription
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11
Q

Heat Shock

A

When the sigma subunit’s temperature gets too high: proteins denature and membranes dissociate

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12
Q

Conserved Regions

A

Have a particular shape that can be recognized and bound to by sigma factors.

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13
Q

(-) 10 Region

A

Where the TATA Box is located

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14
Q

TATA Box

A

Where the double stranded DNA is separated into single strands

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15
Q

Consensus Sequences

A

Plenty of same nucleotide in one sequence

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16
Q

RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme

A

Core enzyme + sigma factor

17
Q

Rho-Dependent

A

Uses Rho protein

18
Q

State all responsibilities and traits

Rho Protein

A
  • Termination factor protein
  • Helicase activity
  • Needs a protein and DNA sequence
    1. Moves along RNA transcript
    2. Finds the replication bubble and unwinds RNA/DNA duplex
    3. Releases RNA chain
19
Q

Rho-Independent

A
  • Does not need Rho protein
  • Uses sequences and inverted repeats
20
Q

Hairpin-Loop

A
  • Results from inverted repeats by Rho-Independent Factor
  • “Locks up” RNA pol and disrupts the process (terminates)

Biology 340 (9 decks)

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