eukaryotic cells Flashcards
what is the membrane made of and what is its job
made from proteins and lipids
its role is to regulate what enters and exits the cell
describe the structure of the nucleus
has a membrane called the nuclear envelope
the envelope contains pores to allow substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
has a nucleolus which makes ribosomes
also contains chromatids
what is the main role of the nucleus
to control the activities of the cell
describe the structure of the mitochondria
double membrane bound, the inner membrane folds in to make the cristae
matrix is found in the middle of the cristae which contains enzymes responsible for respiration
what is the role of mitochondria
sight of aerobic respiration and where ATP is produced
describe the structure of chloroplasts
double membrane bound
contains thylakoids which stack up to make grana
the grana are help together by lamella
stroma is the liquid which holds the organelles in chloroplasts
what happens is the chloroplasts and where does it happen
where photosynthesis takes place, happens at the grana and other parts happen at the stroma
what is the function of the golgi apparatus
processes and packages proteins and lipids, also makes lysosomes
what is the function of the golgi vesicle
stores the lipids and proteins made by the apparatus and transports them out of the cell
what is the function of the lysosome and what feature allows them to do it
they can digest invading cells and break down worn out parts of a cell - they can do this due to there hydrolytic enzymes
describe the rough features of ribosomes
no membrane and made up from proteins
what is the function of ribosomes
produces proteins
what does the RER and SER do
RER - processes and folds proteins made from the ribosomes on their surface
SER - synthesises and processes lipids
what is the cell wall made from in plants and algae
cellulose
what is the cell wall made from in fungi
chitin
what is the structure of the vacuole
contains cell sap and a membrane called the tonoplast
