Eukaryotes

Question 1

Which of the following is a key feature distinguishing eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
A) The presence of a cell wall
B) Membrane-delimited nuclei
C) The size of the ribosomes
D) The presence of glycocalyx

Answer 1

B) Membrane-delimited nuclei

Question 2

What role does the intracytoplasmic membrane complex play in eukaryotic cells?
A) It synthesizes ribosomal RNA.
B) It assists in the assembly of histone proteins.
C) It acts as a transport system to move materials throughout the cell.
D) It forms the structural basis of the nuclear envelope.

Answer 2

C) It acts as a transport system to move materials throughout the cell.

Question 3

Which structure in eukaryotic cells is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA and is not membrane-enclosed?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondrion
C) Nucleolus
D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

C) Nucleolus

Question 4

In the context of eukaryotic ribosomes, what is the primary difference between ribosomes bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes?
A) Bound ribosomes synthesize non-secretory proteins, while free ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins.
B) Bound ribosomes are part of the 60S subunit, while free ribosomes are part of the 40S subunit.
C) Bound ribosomes are larger in size compared to free ribosomes.
D) Bound ribosomes synthesize integral membrane or secretory proteins, while free ribosomes synthesize non-secretory or non-membrane proteins.

Answer 4

D) Bound ribosomes synthesize integral membrane or secretory proteins, while free ribosomes synthesize non-secretory or non-membrane proteins.

Question 5

According to the endosymbiotic hypothesis, what is believed to be the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?
A) They originated from the fusion of multiple eukaryotic cells.
B) They evolved from archaea that were ingested by early eukaryotes.
C) They evolved from bacterial cells that were ingested by early eukaryotic ancestors.
D) They were formed de novo within the eukaryotic cell.

Answer 5

C) They evolved from bacterial cells that were ingested by early eukaryotic ancestors.

Question 6

Which feature is characteristic of the inner membrane of mitochondria?
A) Contains porin proteins
B) Has cristae that increase surface area
C) Encloses the mitochondrial matrix
D) Is involved in ATP production via fermentation

Answer 6

B) Has cristae that increase surface area

Question 7

What is the primary function of hydrogenosomes in some anaerobic protists?
A) To capture energy through fermentation
B) To perform aerobic respiration
C) To synthesize ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
D) To conduct photosynthetic reaction

Answer 7

A) To capture energy through fermentation

Question 8

In chloroplasts, where do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur?
A) In the stroma
B) In the thylakoids
C) In the matrix
D) In the outer membrane

Answer 8

B) In the thylakoids

Question 9

What is the function of the nuclear pore complex in eukaryotic cells?
A) To regulate the passage of materials into and out of the nucleus
B) To synthesize ribosomal RNA
C) To facilitate the formation of nucleosomes
D) To increase the surface area of the nuclear envelope

Answer 9

A) To regulate the passage of materials into and out of the nucleus

Question 10

Which component of mitochondria is responsible for the generation of ATP through electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation?
A) Mitochondrial matrix
B) Outer membrane
C) Inner membrane
D) Cristae

Answer 10

C) Inner membrane