eu law Flashcards
What is the European Union?
A political and economic union of 27 European countries.
True or False: The European Union has its own legal system that affects member countries.
True
What is the European Single Market?
A trade agreement that allows for the free movement of goods, services, people, and capital within the EU.
How does European Union law affect the United Kingdom?
EU law takes precedence over UK law in areas where the EU has competence.
What is the European Court of Justice?
The highest court in the EU, responsible for interpreting EU law and ensuring its consistent application across all member states.
What is the principle of direct effect in EU law?
The principle that certain provisions of EU law can be directly invoked by individuals in national courts.
What is the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018?
Legislation that transferred existing EU law into UK law to ensure legal continuity after Brexit.
How has Brexit impacted the application of EU law in the UK?
After Brexit, EU law no longer applies in the UK, except where it has been incorporated into domestic law.
What is the concept of ‘regulatory alignment’ in the context of EU law and the UK?
The idea that the UK would maintain similar regulatory standards to the EU to facilitate trade post-Brexit.
What is the European Communities Act 1972?
The legislation that initially incorporated EU law into UK law and gave EU law supremacy over domestic law.
What is the principle of supremacy of EU law?
The principle that EU law takes precedence over conflicting national laws.
What is the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020?
Legislation that implemented the terms of the Brexit withdrawal agreement into UK law.
What is the European Economic Area (EEA)?
An agreement that extends the EU Single Market to non-EU countries like Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein.
What is the European Free Trade Association (EFTA)?
An organization of non-EU countries that participate in the European Single Market.
What is the role of the European Parliament in EU lawmaking?
The EU’s directly elected legislative body that helps shape EU laws and policies.
What is the European Council?
The EU institution that sets the overall political direction and priorities of the EU.
What is the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?
A regulation that governs data protection and privacy in the European Union.
How does the European Court of Human Rights differ from the European Court of Justice?
The European Court of Human Rights is not an EU institution and is responsible for enforcing the European Convention on Human Rights.
What is the Schengen Area?
An area comprising 26 European countries that have abolished passport control at their mutual borders.
What is the European Stability Mechanism (ESM)?
An intergovernmental organization that provides financial assistance to eurozone countries in financial difficulty.
