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DIABETES MELLITUS > ETIOLOGY > Flashcards

ETIOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Two most common types of diabetes

A

Type 1 and Type 2

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2
Q

At which age does type 2 diabetes mostly occur

A

Above 40 years

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3
Q

Cause of type 1 diabetes

A

Autoimmune Destruction of pancreatic beta cells

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4
Q

Cause of type 2 diabetes

A

Relative insulin deficiency and insulin resistance

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5
Q

Which type of diabetes has a slow onset of symptoms

A

Type 2

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6
Q

List some disease of the exocrine pancreas that causes diabetes

A

Neoplasia
Hereditary haemochromatosis
Cystic fibrosis

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7
Q

Some endocrinopathies associated diabetes

A

Acromegaly
Cushing’s syndrome
Pheochromocytoma
Hyperthyroidism
Glucagonoma
Aldosteronoma
Somastatinoma

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8
Q

Other types of diabetes

A

Gestational diabetes
Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young
Genetic defects in beta cell function or insulin action
Diseases of the exocrine pancreas
Endocrinopathies
Drug or chemical induced
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults

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9
Q

Which type of diabetes has a stronger genetic link

A

Type 2 diabetes

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10
Q

Weight difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes

A

Type 1- not overweight
Type 2 - overweight

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11
Q

Which type of diabetes presents with autoantibodies

A

Type 1 diabetes

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12
Q

Age difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes

A

Type 1 diabetes < 30 or 20 or young
Type 2 > 40 or 30 or adults

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13
Q

Difference between Acute complications in type 1 and type 2

A

Type 1 - diabetic ketoacidosis
Type 2 - Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic state

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14
Q

Need for insulin in type 1 and type 2

A

Type 1- immediate
Type 2 - years after diagnosis

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15
Q

Which type of diabetes presents with ketosis

A

Type 1

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16
Q

Which type of diabetes mostly presents with symptoms

A

Type 1 diabetes

17
Q

Which type of diabetes mostly presents with long term complications

18
Q

Medications that cause diabetes

A

Growth hormone
Calcineurin inhibitors
Atypical antipsychotics
Beta blockers
Beta agonists
Steroids
Statins
Thiazide diuretics
Protease inhibitors

19
Q

What is idiopathic type 1 DM

A

A non autoimmune form of diabetes frequently seen in obese patients of African and Asian descent. Presents with signs and symptoms of type 1 but subsequent clinical course resembles type 2

20
Q

Cause of MODY

A

Mutation in the glucokinase gene

21
Q

Which oral antidiabetic is most effective in MODY

A

Sulfonylureas

DIABETES MELLITUS (12 decks)

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