DIAGNOSIS

Question 1

Diagnostic criteria

Answer 1

two abnormal test results are required from either the
same sample or two separate samples unless unequivocal symptoms of hyperglycemia exist, such as polydipsia, polyuria, and
polyphagia

Question 2

Tests for detecting and confirming DM

Answer 2

A1c, FPG, OGTT

Question 3

Fasting plasma glucose levels for normal, IFG and diabetes (ADA)

Answer 3

Normal < 100mg/dl or <5.6mmol/l

IFG (prediabetes) 100–125mg/dl or 5.6–6.9mmol/l

Diabetes ≥ 126mg/dl or ≥ 7.0mmol/l

Question 4

OGTT values for glucose levels (ADA)

Answer 4

Normal < 140mg/dl or < 7.8mmol/l

IGT (prediabetes) 140–199mg/dl or 7.8–11.0mmol/l

Diabetes ≥ 200mg/dl or ≥ 11.1mmol/l

Question 5

ADA diagnosis for diabetes using A1c

Answer 5

greater or equal to 6.5 or 48mmol/mol Hgb

Question 6

ADA diagnosis for diabetes using fasting plasma glucose

Answer 6

greater or equal to 126mg/dl or 7.0 mmol/l

Question 7

ADA diagnosis for diabetes using OGTT

Answer 7

greater or equal to 200mg/dl or 11.1 mmol/l

Question 8

ADA diagnosis for diabetes using random blood sugar or plasma glucose concentration

Answer 8

greater or equal to 200mg/dl or 11.1mmol/l

Question 9

Diagnosis of GDM using fasting plasma glucose (WHO)

Answer 9

5.6mmol/l or more

Question 9

Diagnosis of GDM using 2-h plasma glucose level (WHO)

Answer 9

7.8mmol/l or more

Question 10

what is fasting as used in fasting plasma glucose

Answer 10

no caloric intake for at least 8 hours

Question 11

What is the glucose load used for OGTT

Answer 11

Equivalent of 75g anhydrous glucose dissolve in water

Question 12

At which gestational age is screening for GDM done

Answer 12

24 to 28 weeks

Question 13

Methods of GDM screening

Answer 13

1. One step strategy using a fasting 75g OGTT
2. Two step strategy starting with a non fasting 50g glucose load test

Question 14

Steps in the two step strategy for GDM screening

Answer 14

1. Non-fasting 50g glucose test
2. Fasting 100g glucose load

Question 15

Diagnostic values for the 75g glucose load test for GDM

Answer 15

Fasting - 92mg/dl or more - 5.1mmol/l or more

1 hour- 180mg/dl or more- 10.0mmol/l or more

2hours- 153mg/dl or more- 8.5mmol/l or more

Question 16

Glycated hemoglobin reflects the average levels of blood glucose over the previous ————— months

Answer 16

2 to 3 months

Question 17

…………. and …………….. reflect average glucose levels over the preceding two to three weeks

Answer 17

Glycated albumin and fructosamine