Etiologies of hearing loss

Question 1

What are the three major types of hearing loss

Answer 1

conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing loss

Question 2

an issue is in the outer or middle ear causing a hearing loss

Answer 2

conductive hearing loss

Question 3

hearing loss where air conduction is impaired but bone conduction is intact

Answer 3

conductive hearing loss

Question 4

hearing loss where there is an issue in the inner ear or auditory pathway to the brain

Answer 4

sensorineural hearing loss

Question 5

hearing loss where both bone conduction and air conduction are impaired

Answer 5

sensorineural hearing loss

Question 6

hearing loss where the issue is in both the outer/middle ear and inner ear/auditory pathway

Answer 6

mixed hearing loss

Question 7

Both air conduction and bone conduction are impaired, but air conduction is more impacted than bone conduction

Answer 7

mixed hearing loss

Question 8

give some examples of etiologies in the outer ear which lead to conductive hearing loss

Answer 8

disorders of the auricle, atresia of the external auditory canal, external otitis, earwax in the external auditory canal

Question 9

list some common disorders of the auricle

Answer 9

microtia (small auricle), anotia (no auricle), or Down syndrome

Question 10

lack of an ear canal or a narrow ear canal

Answer 10

atresia of external auditory canal

Question 11

common in elderly patients and young children, of concern when using over-ear headphones or any apparel pushing on pinna

Answer 11

collapsing external auditory canal

Question 12

when clients come in with foreign bodies in their external auditory canal what is the first priority

Answer 12

removing the object from the canal

Question 13

another name for swimmers ear - inflammation of skin of external auditory canal that can cause temporary conductive hearing loss in severe cases

Answer 13

external otitis

Question 14

list the subtypes of external otitis

Answer 14

otomycosis-fungal infection, furunculosis-infection of hair follicles, myringitis-infection of tympanic membrane, osteitis or osteomyelitis-inflection of bone

Question 15

list the two types of growths in the external auditory canal and what they are

Answer 15

extoses- outward projections of bone, osteomas- bony tumors

Question 16

what are the intervention methods for impacted ear wax causing conductive hearing loss

Answer 16

irrigation or cerumen removal

Question 17

what two factors of the perforation of the tympanic membrane lead to its severity

Answer 17

size and location

Question 18

list some etiologies in the middle ear that can lead to conductive hearing loss

Answer 18

negative middle ear pressure, otitis media, cholesteatome, otosclerosis, ossicular chain discontinuity

Question 19

retracted tympanic membrane that doesn’t allow it to vibrate freely

Answer 19

negative middle ear pressure

Question 20

what is a common cause of negative middle ear pressure

Answer 20

Eustachian tube dysfunction

Question 21

infection or inflammation of the middle ear

Answer 21

otitis media

Question 22

list the subtypes of otitis media

Answer 22

suppurative otitis media-contains pus or other discharge, with effusion-contains clear fluid, chronic- three or more months not infected but inflamed, acute- short term which is cause by viral or bacterial infection

Question 23

what two issues can occur from acute otitis media if gone untreated

Answer 23

facial palsy or mastoiditis

Question 24

an abnormal growth of skin behind the eardrum and middle ear space

Answer 24

cholesteatoma

Question 25

an accumulation of calcium deposits on the footplate of the stapes

Answer 25

otosclerosis

Question 26

ossicles are no longer connected

Answer 26

ossicular chain discontinuity

Question 27

list some etiologies of the inner ear that can lead to sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 27

prenatal/perinatal causes, presbycusis, ototoxicity, labyrinthitis

Question 28

hearing loss that is during the process of being born or before being born

Answer 28

prenatal or perinatal, can be due to genetics birth injuries etc.

Question 29

infection of the labyrinth, often caused by a virus

Answer 29

labyrinthitis

Question 30

result of excessive exposure to loud noises forming a noise notch at 4000 Hz

Answer 30

noise-induced hearing loss

Question 31

list three preventative measures for noise induced hearing loss

Answer 31

turn headphone volume down, increase distance from sound source, and use hearing protection

Question 32

chronic progressive condition characterized by a buildup of endolymph in the labyrinth

Answer 32

Ménière’s disease

Question 33

the decline in hearing due to aging

Answer 33

presbycusis

Question 34

medications can decrease the mobility of the hair cells in the cochlea causing sensorineural hearing lo

Answer 34

ototoxicity

Question 35

damage to the hair cells due to radiation for head and neck cancer

Answer 35

radiation-induced hearing loss

Question 36

how do surgical complications come about

Answer 36

damage can be done to the structures of the inner ear during surgery for middle ear conditions

Question 37

List the three etiologies that lead to damages in the pathway to the brain

Answer 37

auditory neuropathy, acoustic neuroma, central auditory processing disorder

Question 38

the inner ear detects a sound but has trouble sending it to the brain

Answer 38

auditory neuropathy

Question 39

noncanerous tumor that grows on the auditory nerve

Answer 39

acoustic neuroma

Question 40

deficits in the neural processing of auditory information in the central auditory nervous system

Answer 40

central auditory processing disorder

Question 41

how can a speech pathologist assist with individuals who have central auditory processing disorder

Answer 41

we typically make the referral but also we can help with auditory training and compensatory skills both in the classroom and in a home environment