Ethologists

Question 1

Charles Darwin

Answer 1

~Founder of evolution
~Studies animals in the wild as well as collecting specimens to bring back to the UK
~Famous for his studies in and around the galapagos Islands
~Studied how various species of finch had physically evolved on different islands in the galapagos
~He theorised that species could adapt physically and behaviourally to sudden changes in their environment

Question 2

Niko tinbergen

Answer 2

~performed many studies on seagulls
~he was famous for only collecting data from observations of animals in their natural environment
~he theorised that instinctual and learned behaviours were of equal importance to provide the best survival

Question 3

Konrad Lorenz

Answer 3

~performed studies on geese
~was famous for his extensive research into the process of imprinting
~he theorised that the attachment formed through imprinting was innate
~the studies he conducted provided ideas of how long it takes for offspring to imprint
~he believed that imprinting was an irreversible process

Question 4

Wolfgang koehler

Answer 4

~conducted studies on chimpanzees
~set up some problem-solving tasks to be able to obtain food
~while trying to solve problems,the chimps would make numerous mistakes experimenting with various methods until they accidentally tried the correct method = trial and error
~ he noted that individuals observing their peers solving the problem would then solve it in the first attempt = observational learning

Question 5

Collection of data…..

Answer 5

Focal data~observation is focused on a specific individual for a set duration
Behavioural date~observing a specific behaviour for a set duration
Scan data~observing the behaviours of all individual in a group for a set duration