Ethnicity and Crime (LR)

Question 1

Institutional Racism (3 Theorists)

Answer 1

Robert Miles: IR is covert & hidden, built in to structure of institution as a result of anti-black attitudes
Hamilton: IR is a means of subordinating a group and maintaining control over them- demonstrated in the police
Wellman: Racism is concerned w protecting an advantaged position in society.

Question 2

Simon Holdway: Canteen Culture

Answer 2

Described the informed attitudes of lower-ranking police officers, these attitudes include racism, demonstrated through the informal conversations of police officers.

Question 3

Bowling: Genetic Surveillance

Answer 3

Due to high lvls of arrest, there is a higher proportion of DNA on databases for black ethnic groups.
Black ethnic groups become easier to identify when they commit a crime compared to majority of white population

Question 4

What is ‘military style policing’?

Answer 4

Term used to describe the approaches to policing without public support, which have the potential to alienate members of the community
Methods: zero-tolerance, stop and search and increased surveillance.

Question 5

Lea & Young: Reducing Crime Through Policing

Answer 5

Crime can only be reduced with the assistance of local communities. Stopping military style policing of inner-city communities, particularly black communities, has alienated members of the local community.