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Sociology > Ethnicity > Flashcards

Ethnicity Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many times more likely to be arrested than white people ?

A

2.4 x

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2
Q

What is a victim survey ?

A

Asks individuals what crimes they have been victims off

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3
Q

What can we gain from victim surveys ?

A

•gain information about ethnicity and offending
•mugging black people over represented

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4
Q

What are limitations of victim surveys ?

A

-Exclude under 10s
-cover personal crimes excluding corporate crimes
-rely on memory

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5
Q

What is a self report study ?

A

Ask individuals to reveal information about the acts they have committed

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6
Q

Negatives of self report studies

A

•lack validity
•low response rate

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7
Q

Different policing tactics created

A

•stop and search tactic -people stopped on reasonable suspicion
•terrorism act -allows people to be stopped without reasonable suspicion

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8
Q

How much more times are police more likely to be stopped than whites ?

A

7x

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9
Q

How much more times are Asians more likely to be stopped than whites ?

A

X2

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10
Q

Under terrorism act how much times more likely are Asians stopped ?

A

X3

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11
Q

What is arrest and cautions?

A

Police arrest and caution an individual

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12
Q

Which ethnic group did police arrest and caution without sufficient evidence ?

A

Asians and black

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13
Q

How much more was the arrest rate for blacks compared to whites ?

A

3x

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14
Q

Who do ethnic minority prefer in a trial crown court or jury ?

A

Jury

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15
Q

Why do ethnic minorities prefer a jury ?

A

Don’t trust crown court and crown court give out harsher sentences

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16
Q

Which ethnic groups more likely to be found not guilty ?

A

Black and Asians

17
Q

What did HOOD find ?

A

-Black had 3 month longer sentences than whites
-Asians had 9 months longer sentences than whites

18
Q

How many more times are black more likely to be in prison than whites ?

A

4 times out of

19
Q

Two ways two explain differences in offending explained by two groups . Which groups ?

A

-Left realist
-Neomarxist

20
Q

Three factors that create crime from left realists

A

1)Relative Deprivation
2)Subcultures
3)Marginalisation

21
Q

How does left realists factors lead to offending ?

A

•racism lead to marginalisation-> can’t access consumer goods ->fall into utilitarian crimes

22
Q

Criticism of left realists

A

Criticised for views on police racism
As they found Asians passive and harmless not stereotype them bad so now Asians seen as dangerous

23
Q

What do neo Marxists say ?

A

Crime is a result of resisting capitalism

24
Q

Who talks about the myth of black criminality ?

A

Gilroy

25
Q

What is black criminality ?

A

-Created by racial stereotypes
- black crime is due to extension of resistance
Black community are victims of racial stereotypes

26
Q

Criticism of black criminality

A

•Lea and Young say Gilroy romanticise street crime if revolutionary
First generation immigrants law abiding so did not pass down anti -colonial struggles

27
Q

What did Hall look at ?

A

Policing crime

28
Q

What was policing crime ?

A

•1970 Hugh unemployment more rebellion
•Black people used as scape goats due to “mugging “ which created a moral panic as everyone began to shift blame on them forgetting the high unemployment

29
Q

Evaluation of Hall

A

Downes and Rock say inconsistent as he said black street crime wasn’t rising but it’s rising

30
Q

Who talks about neighbourhood?

A

Fitzgerald

31
Q

What does he say about neighbourhoods ?

A

Black people more likely to live in poor neighbourhood therefore more likely to fall into crime

32
Q

What do Sharp and Budd talk about ?

A

Getting caught as some groups are more likely to get caught

33
Q

What is racist victimisation ?

A

When a person is viewed as a target based on ethnicity

34
Q

What supports racist victimisation?

A

Stephen Lawrence case

35
Q

How many racist incidents were reported in England and Wales ?

A

54,000

Sociology (9 decks)

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