Ethnic differences - Internal Factors Flashcards
Gillborn and Youdell - Labelling and Teacher Racism
Gillborn and Youdell - Found that teachers were quick to discipline black pupils than others for the same behaviour.
- Result of ‘racialised expectations’
Black pupils felt teachers underestimated their ability and picked on them.
Cecile Wrights - Asian pupils
Study found that Asian pupils can also be the victim of labelling.
Teachers assumed they would have a poor grasp on English
Therefore used simplistic childish language with them.
Louise Archer - Pupil identities
Archer - Argues that teachers way of seeing things define ethnic minorities as lacking ideal pupils.
1) Ideal pupil identity - White, MC, achieves in the ‘right’ way through natural ability.
2) Pathologised pupil - Asian, Poor identity and succeeds through hard work rather than ability.
3) Demonised pupil - Black or white - WC - Unintelligent and culturally deprived.
May Fuller - Pupil responses and Subcultures.
Studied a group of black girls- rather than accepting negative labels they challenged anger into pursuing educational success.
Mirza - 3 types of teacher racism
1) Colour-blind - Teachers who believe all students are equal but allowed racism to go unchallenged.
2) Liberal chauvinists - Teachers who believed black pupils are culturally deprived + had low expectations of them.
3) Overt racists - Believe blacks are inferior and actively discriminate against them
Tony Sewell - 4 responses by black pupils to teacher labelling.
1) Rebels - Most visible and influential group, excluded and rejected goals and rules of the school.
2) Conformists - Largest group, keen to succeed + accept schools goals.
3) Retreatists - Tiny minority of isolated individuals who were disconnected from school.
4) Innovators - Second largest group - Value education but don’t seek approval of teachers.
Critical race theory
Focuses on racism being an ingrained feature of society as it involves institutional racism.
Institutional racism is seen as ‘locked in inequality’ because scale of historical discrimination is so large.
Critical race theorists - See the education system as institutionally racist in several ways.
Marketization and segregation
Gillborn - Argues that marketisation gives schools more scope to select pupils - Allows negative stereotypes to influence decisions about school admissions.
Moore and Davenport - Show how selection procedures lead to ethnic segregation meaning minority pupils fail to get into good secondary schools.
- due to discrimination
Bernard Coard - Ethnocentric curriculum
Argues history may show the British bringing civilisation to primitive people they colonised.
- undermine the image of black people and undermine their self esteem.
Gillborn - Assessment
argues that the ‘assessment game’ is rigged as to validate the dominant cultures superiority
If everyone passed they would change the rules to reengineer failure.
