Ethnic differences - External Factors Flashcards
Beriter and Engleman - Intellectual and linguistic skills
- Children from low income families lack intellectual stimulation
- This leaves them poorly equipped for school as they haven’t developed reasoning and problem solving skills.
-Beriter and Engleman consider language spoken by low income black families as inadequate.
- They see it as ungrammatical and disjointed.
Children who don’t speak English at home may be held back educationally.
David Moynihan - Family structure and parental support
Moynihan argues that lack families are mostly lone parent families.
Deprived of adequate care as there is no breadwinner.
- Fathers absence means boys lack adequate role models of male achievement.
- Sees cultural deprivation as a cycle where children from unstable families become inadequate parents themselves.
Tony Sewell - Fathers, Gangs and Culture
Sees the lac of fatherly or ‘tough love’ which results in black boys finding it hard to overcome emotional/ behavioural barriers.
Asian families - Sewell says they benefit from supportive families with an ‘Asian work ethic’ - High educational achievement.
WC white families- Often underachieve and have low aspirations - lack of parental support.
Gangs offer support and love
Criticism’s of Cultural deprivation theorists.
Driver - Says the theories ignore positive effects - Lone parent families provide girls with positive role models
Strong independent women.
Lawrence - Argues that black pupils underachieve because of racism.
Palmer - Material deprivation
Palmer notes that almost half of the ethnic majorities live in low income families/households.
Have a lack of language skills + foreign qualifications are not recognised.
Live in economically depressed areas.
John Rex - Racism in wider society
Rex shows how racial discrimination leads to social exclusion and worsens poverty.
Likely to face unemployment and low pay
