Ethnic differences in achievement

Question 1

External factors

Answer 1

Cultural deprivation
Material deprivation and class
racism in wider society

Question 2

Cultural deprivation

Answer 2

Intellectual and linguistic skills
Attitudes and values
Family structure and parental support
Sewell: fathers, gangs and culture
Asian families
White working class families
Compensatory eduction

Question 3

Internal factors (1)

Answer 3

Labelling and teacher racism
Pupil identities
Pupil response and subcultures

Question 4

Labelling and teacher racism

Answer 4

Black pupils and discipline
Black pupils and streaming
Asian pupils

Question 5

Pupil identities

Answer 5

The ideal pupil identity
The pathologised pupil identity
The demonised pupil identity

Question 6

Pupil response and subcultures

Answer 6

Fuller and Mac an Ghaill: rejecting negative labels
Mirza: failed strategies for avoiding racism
Sewell: the variety of boys responded

Question 7

Internal factors (2)

Answer 7

Critical race theory
Marketisation and segregation
The ethnocentric curriculum
Assessment
Access to opportunities
the ‘new IQism’
Ethnicity, class and gender

Question 8

Critical race theory

Answer 8

Locked-in inequality

Question 9

Criticisms of Gillborn

Answer 9

Black boys’ underachieving
model minorities: Indian and Chinese achievement