Ethics, Public health & Clinical Skills Flashcards
Biomedical model
Body as a “machine”. Does not take into account patient themselves
Bio-psychosocial model
Disease and illness framework integrated
Communitarianism
Is the act good for everyone it will affect
Deontology
Is the act in itself right or wrong
Epidemiology
Study of frequency, distribution and determinants of disease in population
Epidemiological triangle
Vector, host, environment
Incidence rate
number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a specific period of time/ number of people exposed to disease during that period of time
Negative predictive value
Proportion of those who test negative who do not have the disease
Positive predictive value
Proportion of those who test positive who have the disease
Prevalence rate
Number of cases of a disease present in a population at a specific point in time/number of people at risk of having the disease at that point in time
Sensitivity
Proportion of those who have the disease who are correctly identified by a +ve test
Specificity
Proportion of those who do not have the disease who are correctly identified by -ve test
What is the difference between population and opportunistic screening?
Population - everyone gets it
Opportunistic - test for someone who may be at increased risk
Uptake
Number of people taking part in voluntary screening
Yield
Number of previously undiagnosed cases picked up by a screening test or programme
