ETHICS PRELIM Flashcards
What are the characteristics of moral standards?
- Moral standards involve serious wrong or significant benefits.
- Moral standards ought to be preferred to other values.
- Moral standards are not established by authority figures.
- Moral standards have the trait of universalizability.
- Moral standards are based on impartial considerations.
- Moral standards are associated with special emotions and vocabulary.
the systematic study of moral right and wrong, originated when humans began reflecting on the best way to live, also called moral philosophy
Ethics
What is non-moral Standard?
Non-moral standards refer to standards by which we judge what is good or bad and right or wrong in a non-moral way.
the oldest law around the world and it is written in 1750 BCE by King Hammurabi
Code of Hammurabi
it means custom, habit, character or disposition.
ethos
what are the 3 Approaches to Ethics
- Meta-ethics
- Normative ethics
- Applied ethics
What is moral standard?
Moral standards are norms guiding actions and values, promoting the welfare of humans, animals, and the environment, and prescribe human rights and obligations to ensure the welfare of all.
What are the Advantages of Cultural Relativism?
- It is a system which promotes cooperation.
- It creates a society where equality is possible.
- People can pursue a genuine interest.
- Respect is encouraged in a system of cultural relativism.
- It preserves human cultures.
- Cultural relativism creates a society without judgment.
- Moral relativism can be excluded from cultural relativism.
- We can create personal moral codes based on societal standards with ease.
- It stops cultural conditioning.
What Are the Disadvantages of Cultural Relativism?
- It creates a system that is fueled by personal bias.
- It would create chaos.
- It is an idea that is based on the perfection of humanity.
- It could promote a lack of diversity.
- It draws people away from one another.
- It could limit moral progress.
- It could limit humanity’s progress.
- Cultural relativism can turn perceptions into truths.
should be universally applicable to all individuals in similar situations.
Moral standards have the trait of universalizability.
should be considered in law-making processes. Their validity depends on the soundness of the reasons supporting and justifying them.
Moral standards are not established by authority figures.
have hegemonic authority and dictate a person’s moral obligation to act, even if it conflicts with non-moral standards or self-interest.
Moral standards ought to be preferred to other values.
pertain to matters that can significantly impact human beings
Moral standards involve serious wrong or significant benefits.
are general rules about actions
Norms
are enduring beliefs about what is good and desirable.
values
are norms guiding actions and values, promoting the welfare of humans, animals, and the environment, and prescribe human rights and obligations to ensure the well-being of all.
Moral standards
refer to non-moral judgments of good and bad, such as etiquette, law, and aesthetics.
Non-moral standards
looks at controversial topics like war, animal rights and capital punishment
Applied ethics
is concerned with the content of moral judgments and the criteria for what is right or wrong.
Normative ethics
deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins and meaning of ethical principles.
Meta-ethics
he viewed humans as unconstrained moral agents with choices in every aspect of their lives.
John Paul Sartre
Individuals are deemed to exercise freedom as rational moral beings, thereby committing to budgeting and planning for the future, as the only way to improve it is by doing so.
Obligation
When making choices, one assumes full responsibility for planning their life, including planning and budgeting actions for future goals.
Freedom
Freedom of choice is the ability to make morally sound decisions, taking full responsibility for one’s actions and using rational and empathetic capacity as a moral being.
Moral
