Ethics MCQ Flashcards
1-If a physician fails to use a degree of skill and learning commonly expected and the person receiving care is injured, the physician can be sued for .
A. Assault and battery
B. Indecency
C. Malpractice
D. Negligence
C. Malpractice
2-Which one of the following examples is NOT considered medical negligence?
A. Blood transfusion without matching
B. Failure to obtain consent for surgical procedure
C. Medication errors
D. Performing CPR for arrested patient in the street
D. Performing CPR for arrested patient in the street
3-A doctor repeatedly advertising about his professional expertise in newspaper is doing a:
A. Civil negligence
B. Dichotomy
C. Privileged communication
D. Professional misconduct
D. Professional misconduct
4-Which of the following is considered an error of omission?
A. Administration of overdose of anesthesia
B. Giving wrong dose
C. Leaving a towel in abdomen
D. Unlabeled samples
D. Unlabeled samples
5- Example for practicing positive defensive medicine includes:
A. Avoiding being involved in difficult or complicated cases
B. Referring every patient with headache to a neurologist
C. Refraining the prescription of risky medical treatments which might be of benefit to the patient
D. Refusing the treatment of critically ill patients
B. Referring every patient with headache to a neurologist
- Organ transplantation from a brain-dead individual is legalized in Egypt.
False
- Patient’s consent is required in case of intimate examination
True
- You have the right not to provide medical care for patients with violent behavior if the case is not urgent.
True
- In vitro fertilization from a donor is legalized in our community.
False
- The physician has the right to refuse providing treatment for HIV patients.
False
- Prescribing a treatment, based only phone-based consultation, is considered an unacceptable standard of care.
True
- A hospital is legally liable for the negligence or incompetence of its employee.
True
13.Obtaining informed consent from the patient free the physician from medical responsibility
False
- Erasion of the doctor’s name from the health registry of medical syndicate is possible in cases of death of the physician
True
- Gender correction procedure is allowed under certain circumstances.
False
Lack of reasonable knowledge or skills is known as
Incompetence
- Incorrect drug selection for a patient
Medication errors
Medical actions taken by physician to protect him against potential charges of negligence
Defensive medicine
A physician is legally responsible for the acts of his assistants
Vicarious liability
Defects occurring at any step of the laboratory cycle
Laboratory errors
Lack of reasonable skills or knowledge is defined as :
A. Assault
B. Incompetence
C. Malpractice
D. Negligence
B. Incompetence
3-A doctor repeatedly treating his patient under the influence of alcohol is doing
A. Civil negligence
B. Dichotomy
C. Privileged communication
D. Professional misconduct
D. Professional misconduct
4-Which of the following is considered an error of commission?
A. Delayed indicated surgery
B. Not considering history of patient’s allergy
C. Leaving a towel in the abdomen
D. Unsuccessful treatment
C. Leaving a towel in the abdomen
5- Example for practicing passive defensive medicine includes:
A. Unnecessary ECG for every chest pain complaint
B. Performing non-indicated cesarean section
C. Prolonged hospital stay
D. Refusing the treatment of critically ill patients
D. Refusing the treatment of critically ill patients
- Organ transplantation from a living individual is legalized in Egypt
True
You have the right not to provide medical care for patients with violent behavior if the case is urgent
False
In vitro fertilization from a husband is legalized in our community
true
Mentally ill patients have the right to maintain their confidentiality
True
Prescribing a treatment, based only phone-based consultation, is considered an acceptable standard of care
False
A hospital is legally liable for the negligence or incompetence of its employee
True
Erasion of the doctor’s name from the health registry of the medical syndicate is possible in refraining from paying fees
True
A 12-year-old child with a history of rheumatic heart was admitted to hospital for tonsillectomy; he was operated on after full preoperative counseling and was discharged from the hospital 2 days later. One month later, he developed heart failure and was readmitted to the hospital, but unfortunately, he passed away despite of clinical care.
Can the parent sue the ENT doctor?
a. No, he can’t sue him.
b. Yes, he can sue him for incompetence.
c. Yes, he can sue him for negligence. ‘
d. Yes, he can sue him for medical error
a. No, he can’t sue him.
- There has been a violent murder in the area. The assailant had certain features that may make him identifiable from your medical records. The decision maker should:
a. Disclose information as soon as possible
b. Obey patient orders.
c. Refuse any order to disclose information
d. Request court order if there is a time
d. Request court order if there is a time
- A 2 days old baby girl is admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); she is suffering from early onset neonatal sepsis accompanied with multi organ failure. Physician asks for parents9 permission to remove the artificial mechanical support. But, the parents insist to continue life support. In such situation, the proper decision should be taken according to:
a. Autonomy of surrogate decision maker.
b. Cost related to futile treatment.
c. Physician evaluation to the medical condition.
d. Religious and cultural beliefs to avoid ending life
a. Autonomy of surrogate decision maker.
- Cardiac patient presented to the hospital for open heart surgery. The physician took an informed consent from the patient & informed him and his relatives about the high risk of the surgery. After 2 days the patient died & his relatives sued the physician. Regarding this suit what do you think?
a. The medical syndicate council would punish the doctor with just “Alarm”.
b. The physician is guilty.
c. The physician is protected
d. The relatives will be compensated.
c. The physician is protected
- An aggressive patient was admitted to the hospital by his family members. How can the resident communicate with him?
a. Give him a depressant drug to calm him.
b. Leave the clinic until he become quiet.
c. Talk to his family and avoid the patient.
d. Talk to him politely with sympathy
d. Talk to him politely with sympathy
- A car accident victim was brought to the hospital by some attendants of the accident. The hospital asked for a deposit before admission. But none of the accompany persons can pay the required deposit. What do you think the proper management of this situation by the attending doctor?
a. Ask them to transfer the patient to other governmental hospital.
b. Give the life saving measures immediately without paying the deposit.
c. The attending doctor pays the deposit and gives the needed care.
d. Wait until they submit the deposit.
b. Give the life saving measures immediately without paying the deposit.
- In gestational surrogacy, the surrogate mother:
a. Carries another couple’s embryo
b. Donates her ovum to form the embryo
c. Fertilized by deposition of semen into her uterus ‘
d. Is the legal mother of the baby
a. Carries another couple’s embryo
- Dr. X is accustomed to make frequent crude jokes about the patients that obviously bother the assisting nurses. This attitude is considered:
a. Incompetence
b. Medical malpractice.
c. Negligence
d. Professional misconduct.
d. Professional misconduct.
- A father and mother come to your clinic with their eleven year-old- daughter who has a mental disease. They are complaining that she produces noise and she is embarrassing them. They want you to prescribe a medication to her so that she can sleep most of the day and do not produce any noise. What would you do?
a. Give them the medication they want.
b. Refer them to another doctor.
c. Refuse to give them the medication they want.
d. Refuse to treat the patient
c. Refuse to give them the medication they want.
- A patient with diabetic foot left his physician to another one without any declaration. After few months, the patient raised a claim against the first doctor accusing him that his treatment resulted into gangrene and amputation of his foot. What is the proper response of the doctor in this situation?
a. Deny his relation with the patient
b. Hire a good lawyer
c. Tell the court that the patient did not follow the instructions of the course of the treatment.
d. Tell the court that the patient dismissed him suddenly
d. Tell the court that the patient dismissed him suddenly
- A 22 year-old woman is admitted to the hospital with headache and photophobia but with intact mental status. LAB test reveal cryptococcal meningitis (an infection commonly associated with HIV infection). When she was told that, she refused to be tested for HIV. What would you do?
a. Do not test for HIV.
b Report the patient’s condition to public health department and ask the department to test the patient for HIV.
c. Test her for HIV without her approval and tell her the result.
d. Test the patient for HIV without telling her.
a. Do not test for HIV.
- In Egypt, organ transplantation is allowed from:
a. Brain dead.
b. Cadavers.
c. Consenting friend
d. Living spouse
d. Living spouse
- Physicians practice negative defensive medicine in order to:
a. Avoid complications
b Decrease costs
c. Protect patient
d. Save resources
a. Avoid complications
- Phone based consultation is accepted in the following condition:
a. Acute abdominal pain.
b. Corona virus infection.
c. Simple wounds.
d. Skin rash.
b. Corona virus infection.
. Doctors caring for imprisoned patients should not:
a. Assist in interrogation of the patient.
b. Restrict the movement of agitated patients.
c. Take consent for medical procedures.
d. Use electroconvulsive therapy.
a. Assist in interrogation of the patient.
- Most lab errors are due to:
a. Pre-analytical errors
b. Analytical errors
c. Post-analytical errors
d. Samples mixed up
a. Pre-analytical errors
- Medication orders should not:
a. Contain abbreviations or decimals
b. Be written
c. Include the medication’s purpose.
d. Consider patient-specific information
a. Contain abbreviations or decimals
- The surgeon used out-of-date techniques that prolong the operation and resulted in great exhaustion of the patient, who became shocked and died on table. This case is considered:
a. Anesthetic error
b. Professional misconduct D
c. No medical responsibility
d. Surgical error
d. Surgical error
- A physician registration may be erased from the medical syndicate, if he:
a. Has more than one clinic.
b. Is involved in a private job.
c. Committed a criminal offence.
d. Reached the age of pension.
c. Committed a criminal offence.
- Before anesthesia is administered, the anesthesiologist has to:
a. Examine the patient thoroughly.
b. Meet the patient at the operating room.
c. Ignore data not related directly to the operation.
d. Refuse working with agitated patient.
a. Examine the patient thoroughly.
- Dr. X is alarmed by the behavior of the senior surgeon in the operating room. The surgeon uses out-of-date techniques that prolong operations and result in greater post operative pain and longer recovery time. This case is an example of:
Medical malpractice.
Professional Misconduct
Negligence
Incompetence.
Medical malpractice.
- You are a male doctor and a female patient comes alone to your clinic wearing revealing clothes. She comes up very close to the doctor and stalls asking personal questions in a seductive tone. What would be the appropriate response?
a. Ask about her personal life.
b. Call in a chaperone.
c. Refer her to another doctor.
d. Refuse to examine her.
b. Call in a chaperone.
- The following principle should be taken into account during treatment of mentally ill patients “Patients should be treated with respect and courtesy” this refers to as
a. Bodily integrity
b. Confidentiality
c. Dignity
d. Liberty
c. Dignity
- Ethical dilemma is a moral situation in which a choice has to be made between two:
a. Equally desirable alternatives
b. Equally undesirable alternatives
c. Unequally desirable alternatives
d. Unequally undesirable alternatives
b. Equally undesirable alternatives
- Positive defensive medicine means
a. Avoidance of potential risky situations
b. Overutilization of healthcare services
c. Positive attitude towards the patient
d. Proper utilization of healthcare services
b. Overutilization of healthcare services
- 17 years old female brought to the emergency with her parents. She has severe right iliac fossa pain. She was diagnosed as appendicitis and a surgery was needed. The best practice that should be done by the physician to protect himself is to:
a. Call for another physician.
b Order for sophisticated investigations
c. Take informed consent from the guardians
d. Take Informed consent from the patient
c. Take informed consent from the guardians
- A woman comes at 10 weeks of pregnancy for antenatal care. She has a history of sexually transmitted disease. You offer AIDS testing, as a routine part of prenatal care but the patient refuses. She returns at 14 and 18 weeks of pregnancy but is still refusing because of anxiety that she may be positive. You inform the patient that there are medications that can reduce transmission from mother to child to less than 2%. She persists in her refusal.
What should you do now?
a. Notify to the authorities for the sake of the baby.
b. Perform the test without her knowledge.
c. Reassure the patient and don’t increase her anxiety by talking about expected harm.
d. Respond to her choice inspite of the possibility of harm to her baby
d. Respond to her choice inspite of the possibility of harm to her baby
- As regards homologous artificial insemination, all of the following are true, except:
a. It is obtained from a donor.
b. It is done in case of male impotence.
c. It is a legal procedure.
d. It is done in female vaginismus.
a. It is obtained from a donor.
- Death in hemolytic blood transfusion may occur due to:
a. Adrenal failure.
b. Liver failure.
c. Renal failure.
d. Respiratory failure.
c. Renal failure.
Psychiatric and hormonal treatment in case of gender correction should be done for at least two years
True
- Temporary revocation is the first disciplinary action taken by the medical council in case of disgraceful behavior of a doctor.
False
- Burns from diathermy constitute a form of medical malpractice.
True
- Incompatible blood transfusion is a dispensing error.
True
- Ethical dilemma is a moral situation in which a choice has to be made between two equally undesirable alternatives.
True
A physician registration may be erase
d from the medical syndicate, if he has more than one clinic.
False
If a patient developed an abscess after unsterilized injection, the doctor is responsible.
True
- Equipment malfunction is an example of pre-analytical laboratory errors.
False
Most of the medication errors occur during prescription.
True
Failure to take patient’s consent in an emergency condition is malpractice.
False
- The anesthesiologist should not ignore medical data not related directly to the operation.
True
- Liberty refers to treating patients with respect and courtesy.
False
- Centers of assisted reproductive techniques must keep records of cases for at least 20 years.
False
- The first step in the process of ethical decision making is to identify applicable codes
False
Artificial homologous insemination is a legal procedure.
True
- Positive defensive medicine refers to proper utilization of healthcare services.
False
Appeal against professional misconduct is made to the Medical Syndicate.
True
- A claim of malpractice is raised upon the hospital.
True
- Leaving instrument in the abdominal cavity without causing damage is considered malpractice.
False
- A physician is convicted of medical negligence due to inadequacy of scientific knowledge.
False
- Surgery performed on the wrong side is considered error of omission.
False
- Chaperone should be present during intimate examinations.
True
