ETHICS Lessons 1-3

Question 1

is about matters such as the good thing that we should pursue and the bad thing that we should avoid.

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

• highly subjective
• Judgments of personal approval and disapproval that we make are based on what we see, hear or taste.

Answer 2

Aesthetics

Question 3

The word Aesthetics is derived from the Greek word “________” (sense or feeling).

Answer 3

Aisthesis

Question 4

Customary code of polite behavior in society or among members of a particular profession or group.

Answer 4

Etiquette

Question 5

is an idea or opinion that’s driven by a desire to be good.

Answer 5

Morals

Question 6

simply expresses what and how something is or might be.

Example: Knocking on the door is a virtue.

Answer 6

Descriptive claim

Question 7

with evaluation. It includes words like: good or bad, better than, should or shouldn’t, right or wrong.

Example: Knocking on the door should be a virtue.

Answer 7

Normative claim

Question 8

are often the source of considerable and inconclusive debates.

Example: Freedom of speech

Answer 8

Moral issue

Question 9

is a conflict in which a person must choose between two or more actions. No matter which choice you make, someone will suffer or something bad will happen.

Example: When making a purchase at a local store, you are given too much change. Do you say something or keep quiet?

Answer 9

Moral dilemma

Question 10

act of making an assessment on the actions or behavior of someone.

Answer 10

Moral judgement

Question 11

is one’s guide to ethical behavior.

• The law does not tell us what we should do; it works by constraining us from performing acts that we should not do.

Examples:
No drunk driving
No underage drinking

Answer 11

Law

Question 12

a particular system of faith and worship.

Idea: One is obliged to obey his/her God in all things.

Answer 12

Religion

Question 13

is the belief that something is ethically right if God orders it, and morally bad if God forbids it.

Answer 13

Divine command theory

Question 14

Each faith places various demands on its followers, resulting in seemingly contradicting ethical standards.

“Different religions, different beliefs.”

Answer 14

Multiplicity of religions

Question 15

the patterns of learned and shared behavior and beliefs of a particular social, ethnic, or age group.

Examples:
JAPAN- do put their palms together and say “Itadakimasu” before eating.
KOREA- do not leave their chopsticks stuck in rice.

Answer 15

Culture

Question 16

what is ethically acceptable or unacceptable is relative or dependent on one’s culture.

teaches us to be tolerant of others from different cultures, as we realize that we are in no position to judge whether the ethical thought or practice of another culture is acceptable or unacceptable.

Answer 16

Cultural relativism

Question 17

What is ethically good or bad, right or wrong, is solely determined by the individual.

Answer 17

Subjectivism

Question 18

Human beings are naturally self-centered, so all our actions are always already motivated by self-interest.

Answer 18

Psychological egoism

Question 19

It suggests that we may act in a way that is beneficial to others. But we should do that only if it ultimately benefits us.

Answer 19

Ethical egoism