Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SHYN PRELIM 1ST SEM > BIOCHEM cell anatomy > Flashcards

BIOCHEM cell anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

∙ Cells are not all the same

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

∙ All cells share general structures

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

∙ Cells are organized into three main regions…

A

∙ Nucleus
∙ Cytoplasm
∙ Plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

∙ Control center of the cell
∙ Contains genetic material (DNA)
∙ Three regions: Nuclear membrane, Nucleolus, Chromatin

A

NUCLEUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

∙ Barrier of nucleus
∙ Consists of a double phospholipid membrane
∙ Contain nuclear pores that allow for exchange of material with the rest of the cell

A

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

∙ Nucleus contains one or more nucleoli
∙ Sites of ribosome production
∙ Ribosomes then migrate to the cytoplasm through nuclear pores

A

NUCLEOLI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

∙ Composed of DNA and protein
∙ Scattered throughout the nucleus
∙ It condenses to form chromosomes when the cell divides

A

CHROMATIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

∙ Barrier for cell contents
∙ Double phospholipid layer: Hydrophilic heads (water loving; polar region) and Hydrophobic tails (water fearing; non-polar region)
∙ Other materials in here are Protein, Cholesterol and Glycoproteins

A

PLASMA MEMBRANE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Plasma Membrane Specializations

∙ Finger-like projections that increase surface area for absorption

A

MICROVILLI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Plasma Membrane Specializations

∙Tight junctions
∙ Desmosomes
∙ Gap junctions

A

MEMBRANE JUNCTIONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

∙ Material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane
∙ Cytosol - Fluid that suspends other elements
∙ Organelles - Metabolic machinery of the cell
∙ Inclusions - Non-functioning units

A

CYTOPLASM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙Made of protein and RNA
∙ Sites of protein synthesis
∙ Found at two locations
∙ Free in the cytoplasm
∙ Attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

RIBOSOMES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙ Fluid-filled tubules for carrying substances
∙ Two types of ER: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Studded with ribosomes, Site where building materials of cellular membrane are formed) and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Functions in cholesterol synthesis and breakdown, fat metabolism, and detoxification of drugs)

A

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙Modifies and packages proteins
∙ Produces different types of packages: Secretory vesicles, Cell membrane components, Lysosomes

A

GOLGI APPARATUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙Contain enzymes that digest non-usable materials within the cell

A

LYSOSOMES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes
∙Detoxify harmful substances
∙Break down free radicals (highly reactive chemicals)
∙Replicate by pinching in half

A

PEROXISOMES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙ “Powerhouses” of the cell
∙ Change shape continuously
∙ Carry out reactions where oxygen is used to break down food
∙ Provides ATP for cellular energy

A

MITOCHONDRIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙Network of protein structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm
∙Provides the cell with an internal framework
∙Three different types: Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules

A

CYTOSKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cytoplasmic Organelles

∙Rod-shaped bodies made of microtubules
∙Direct formation of mitotic spindle during cell division

A

CENTRIOLES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cellular Projections

∙ Not found in all cells
∙ Used for movement
∙ _____ moves materials across the cell surface
∙ _________ propels the cell

A

CILIA AND FLAGELLUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cell Diversity

cells that connects body parts

A

FIBROBLAST
ERYTHROCYTES (RBC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cell Diversity

cells that cover and line body organs

A

EPITHELIAL CELL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cell Diversity

cells that move organs and body parts

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE CELL
SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cell Diversity

cell that stores nutrients

A

FAT CELL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Cell Diversity

cell that fights cell

A

MACROPHAGE CELL

26
Q

Cell Diversity

cell that gathers information and controls body functions

A

NERVE CELL

27
Q

Cell Diversity

cells of reproduction

A

OVUM (EGG) AND SPERMS CELL

28
Q
  • For measurement of an amount of liquid.
A

GRADUATED CYLINDER

29
Q
  • Are useful as a reaction container or to hold liquid or solid samples. They are also used to catch liquids from titrations and filtrates from filtering operations.
A

BEAKER

30
Q
  • One of the most important apparatus as they are functional from storing to mixing reagents in any chemical or biological reactions.
A

TEST TUBE

31
Q
  • A type of flask used as an item of laboratory glassware. It can be used as a container to hold solutions of chemicals.
A

FLORENCE FLASK

32
Q
  • Used to contain liquids and for mixing, heating, cooling, incubation, filtration, storage, and other liquid-handling processes.
A

ERLENMYER FLASK

33
Q
  • Used to hold solids, evaporate liquids, and heat small quantities of different substances as per the need of the experiment.
A

WATCH GLASS

34
Q
  • are made up of porcelain and are used to store and heat substances when required to be heated at high temperatures.
A

CRUCIBLE AND COVER

35
Q
  • Its mostly used in the titration reactions, and is handful in delivering a known volume of any substance to other equipment. This apparatus is a long-graduated tube, with a stopcock present at the lower end.
A

BURETTE (BURET)

36
Q
  • To transfer liquids and samples during the laboratory workflow
A

MEDICINE DROPPER

37
Q
  • Used for filtering, filling, decanting or transferring liquids or powders from one vessel to another.
A

FUNNEL

38
Q
  • Used for mixing liquids, or solids and liquids.
A

STIRRING ROD

39
Q
  • Used to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder
A

MORTAR AND PESTLE

40
Q
  • Used in labs to separate liquids and solids from a solution by allowing the water to evaporate off into the air.
A

EVAPORATING DISH

41
Q
  • Used to measure temperatures or temperature changes with a high degree of precision.
A

THERMOMETER

42
Q
  • Used to measure out or transfer small quantities of liquid, in volumes of milliliters (mL), microliters (μL).
A

PIPETTE (PIPET)

43
Q
  • Used to separate mixtures of two liquids with different boiling points
A

DISTILLING FLASK

44
Q
  • used for measuring accurate volumes of liquid materials for laboratory experiments.
A

VOLUMETRIC FLASK

45
Q
  • Used to cool and condense a gas back to a liquid, often as part of the process of chemical distillation.
A

LIEBIG’S CONDENSER

46
Q
  • To hold things and is placed in an iron stand to elevate other equipment.
A

IRON CLAMP

47
Q
  • Supporting apparatus above the work surface.
A

IRON STAND

48
Q
  • The ________ serves to identify the pH of any solution by changing colors whereas, the _________ serves in the filtration process.
A

LITMUS AND FILTER PAPER

49
Q
  • Used to support a crucible while it is heated over a Bunsen burner.
A

CLAY TRIANGLE

50
Q
  • Usually used to keep glass beakers or flasks from breaking due to heat shock.
A

WIRE GAUZE

51
Q
  • Used in the laboratory to score glass tubing before cutting, then smoothing the edges before use.
A

TRIANGULAR FILE

52
Q
  • To hold test tubes securely while they are being filled, stirred, or heated.
A

TEST TUBE HOLDER

53
Q
  • Used to heat substances, to combust substances, and to sterilize objects on high heat
A

BUNSEN BURNER

54
Q
  • Used for the flow of fluids and gases.
A

RUBBER TUBING

55
Q
  • Used to lift a hot crucible from a furnace or for other items which cannot be handled with bare hands.
A

CRUCIBLE TONGS

56
Q
  • Used for cleaning test tubes and narrow mouth laboratory glassware, such as graduated cylinders, burettes, and Erlenmeyer flasks.
A

TEST TUBE BRUSH

57
Q

Useful material to stop test tubes and flasks.

A

CORK

58
Q
  • Used to seal test tubes, flasks, and other containers during experiments or storage.
A

RUBBER STOPPER

59
Q
  • Used to hold upright multiple test tubes at the same time.
A

TEST TUBE RACK

60
Q
  • Most common laboratory balance that determines the mass of chemicals or objects with high accuracy.
A

ANALYTICAL BALANCE & TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE

61
Q
  • Used to support equipment such as beakers, flasks, and other glassware during experiments.
A

TRIPOD

62
Q
  • To help with mixing, scraping, and other tasks related to transferring materials and samples from one place to another.
A

SPATULA

SHYN PRELIM 1ST SEM (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions