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Ethics Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary responsibility of a Counselor

A

Respect the dignity and promote the welfare of clients

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2
Q

How long are minor records kept

A

Keep minor records until they turn 25 years old at least. This will be 7 years after they turn 18 years old.

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3
Q

Informed Consent - Types of Information Needed 12 things

A

The purposes, goals, techniques, procedures, limitations, potential risks and benefits of services
Counselors qualifications, credentials, relevant experience and approach
Continuation of services upon incapacitation or death
The role of technology
The implications of diagnosis
The intended use of tests and reports
Fees and billing
Procedures for non-payment of fees
Limits of confidentiality including how supervisors, treatment and/or interdisciplinary teams are involved
Their rights to obtain clear information about their records
Their rights to participate in ongoing counseling plans
Their right to refuse services or modality changes and to be advised of the consequences of such refusal

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4
Q

Developmental and Cultural Sensitivity in Informed Consent

A

Counselors communicate information in ways that are culturally and developmentally appropriate. They use clear and understandable language. If the client has trouble understanding the language the counselor uses, the counselor will provide the necessary services. Counselors will adjust their informed consent according to cultural needs

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5
Q

Informed Consent - Inability to Give Consent

A

When clients are unable to provide consent, counselors will obtain assent from the client and include them in decision making as appropriate. Counselors must balance the ethical rights of clients, their capacity to give consent and the parental or familial rights and responsibilities to protect the client and make decision on their behalf

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6
Q

Avoiding Harm

A

Counselors avoid harming clients, trainees and research participants and try to minimize or remedy unavoidable or unanticipated harm

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7
Q

Avoiding Harm and Imposing Values - Personal Values

A

Counselors are aware of and avoid imposing their own values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors.

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8
Q

Prohibited Roles and Relationships - Sexual or Romantic Relationships

A

Sexual or romantic relationships with current clients, their romantic partners, or their family members are prohibited

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9
Q

Prohibited Roles and Relationships - Previous sexual or romantic relationships

A

Counselors are prohibited from engaging in counseling relationships with persons they have had a previous romantic or sexual relationship with

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10
Q

Prohibited Roles and Relationships - Sexual or Romantic Relationships with former clients

A

Are prohibited for a period of five years after the last professional contact. This extends to the client, their romantic partners or family members. Counselors must demonstrate forethought and document in writing if the interaction can be viewed as exploitive or if there is potential to harm the former client in any way.

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11
Q

Prohibited Roles and Relationships - Friends or Family Members

A

Counselors are prohibited from engaging in counseling relationships with friends and family members with whom they have the inability to remain objective.

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12
Q

Prohibited Roles and Relationships - Personal virtual relationships with current clients

A

Counselors are prohibited from having a virtual relationship (social media etc) with someone they have a current counseling relationship with.

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13
Q

Managing and Maintaining boundaries and Relationships - Previous Relationships

A

Counselors must take appropriate precautions when accepting clients that they have previous relationships with including consultation, supervision, and documentation. This includes mutual or past membership in the same organization or community, as well as causal or distant relationships.

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14
Q

Managing and Maintaining boundaries and Relationships - Nonprofessional Interactions or Relationships former clients

A

Counselors avoid nonprofessional relationships with former clients, their romantic partners or their family members when the relationship is potentially harmful to the former client both in-person or electronic

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15
Q

Roles and Relationships at Individual, Group, Institutional and Societal Levels - Multiple Clients

A

When a counselor provides services to people with a relationship the counselor will clarify at the outset which person or persons are the client and the nature of the relationship the counselor will have with each. The counselor will adjust or withdraw from roles if needed

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16
Q

Fees and Business Practices - Unacceptable Business Practices

A

Counselors do not participate in fee splitting not do they receive commissions, rebates or any form of remuneration for referrals

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17
Q

Fees and Business Practices - Establishing Fees

A

Counselors consider the financial status of clients and locality. If the usual fee creates a hardship the counselor may adjust fees where legal or assist the client in finding comparable affordable services

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18
Q

Fees and Business Practices - Receiving gifts

A

Counselors recognize that in some cultures small gifts are a sign of respect. They must consider monetary value, clients motivation for giving, and the counselor’s motivation for accepting or declining the gift

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19
Q

Respecting Clients Rights - Respect for privacy

A

Counselors respect the privacy of clients and only request private information when it is beneficial

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20
Q

Confidentiality and Privacy

Exceptions - Serious and Forceable Harm and Legal Requirements

A

Confidentiality does not apply when disclosure is required to protect clients or identified other from harm or when legal requirements demand that information must be revealed. When in doubt, counselors consult with other professionals

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21
Q

Confidentiality and Privacy

Exceptions - Confidentiality Regarding End-of-Life Decisions

A

Counselors who are providing services to terminally ill individuals who are considering hastening their own death have the option to maintain confidentiality depending on applicable laws and specific circumstances after seeking consultation or supervision from appropriate professional and legal parties.

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22
Q

Confidentiality and Privacy

Exceptions - Contagious, Life-Threatening Diseases

A

Counselors may be justified in disclosing that a client has a contagious life-threatening disease to identifiable third-parties who may be in danger of contracting the disease. Prior to making the disclosure they must assess the intent of the clients to inform the third parties about their disease or engage in behaviors that may be harmful to identifiable third parties. They must adhere to relevant state laws about disclosing disease status.

Not allowed in California!!

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23
Q

Confidentiality and Privacy

Exceptions - Court ordered disclosure

A

When ordered by a court to release confidential or private information without a client’s permission, counselors seek to obtain written, informed consent from the client or take steps to prohibit the disclosure or have it limited as narrowly as possible

24
Q

Confidentiality and Privacy

Information Shared with Others - Deceased Clients

A

Counselors protect the confidentiality of deceased clients, consistent with legal requirements and the documented preferences of the client

25
The Counseling Relationship Clients Served by Others
If a client is in a professional relationship with other mental health professionals, they will get a release from the client to inform the other professional and establish a collaborative relationship.
26
The Counseling Relationship Avoiding Harm and Imposing Values - Avoiding Harm
Counselors avoid harming clients, trainees and research participants and try to minimize or remedy unavoidable or unanticipated harm
27
Confidentiality and Privacy Records and Documentation - Client Access
Counselors provide reasonable access to records and copies of records when requested by competent clients. They limit access when there is compelling evidence that access would cause harm to the client. Counselors document the request of the client and the rationale for withholding records. In situations involving multiple clients, counselors provide individuals only information that pertains to them.
28
Boundaries of Competence
Counselors only practice within the boundaries of their competence. Counselors gain multicultural counseling competency by working with a diverse client population
29
New Specialty Areas of Practice
Counselors practice in speciality areas new to them only after education, training, and supervised experienced. . While developing new skills they take steps to ensure the competence of their work and protect others from harm
30
Impairment
Counselors monitor themselves for signs of impairment from their own mental, physical, or emotional problems and refrain from offering or providing services when impaired. Counselors help each other recognize their own impairment-and provide assistance when warranted
31
Accurate Advertising-credentials
When advertising, counselors identify their credentials in an accurate manner
32
Advertising and Soliciting Clients - Testimonials
Counselors who use testimonials do not solicit them from current clients, former clients, or any other persons who may be vulnerable to undo influence. Counselors discuss with clients the implications and obtain permission to use any testimonials.
33
Professional Responsibility Advertising - Statements by Others
Counselors make every effort, when possible, to ensure that what is said about them or the counseling profession is accurate
34
Professional Qualifications - Accurate Representation of qualifications
Counselors claim or imply only qualifications actually completed and correct any misrepresentation of their qualifications by others. Counselors truthfully represent the qualifications of their colleagues. Counselors distinguish between volunteer and paid experience and accurately describe their continuing education
35
Professional Qualifications - Credentials/licenses
Counselors claim only licenses or certificates that are current and in good standing
36
Professional Qualifications - Educational Degrees
Counselor clearly differentiate between earned and honorary degrees
37
Implying Doctoral-Level Competence/highest earned degree
Counselors clearly state their highest earned degree in counseling or a closely related field. They don't claim to be a doctor when they are not
38
Public Responsibility - Sexual Harassment
Counselors do not engage in or condone sexual harassment
39
purpose of assessment
The purpose of assessment is to gather information regarding the client for a variety of purposes. Assessments may include both qualitative and quantitive methodologies
40
Limits of Competence in testing and assessment
Counselors only use testing and assessments that they have been trained on and are competent in. Counselors take reasonable measures to ensure the proper use of assessment techniques by persons they are supervising
41
Informed Consent in Assessment - Release of Data to Qualified Personnel
Counselors release assessment data in which the client is identified only with consent of the client or the client's representative and only to individuals who are qualified to interpret the data
42
Diagnosis of Mental Disorders - Proper Diagnosis
Counselors take special care to properly diagnose mental disorders. Techniques are carefully selected and appropriately used.
43
Diagnosis of Mental Disorders - Cultural Sensitivity
Clients socioeconomic and cultural experiences are considered when diagnosing mental disorders
44
Diagnosis of Mental Disorders - Refraining From Diagnosis
Counselors may refrain from making and/or reporting a diagnosis if they believe that it would cause harm to the client or others. They consider the positive and negative benefits of diagnosis
45
Supervisory Relationship - Extending Conventional Supervisory Relationships defined
Supervisors define and maintain ethical professional, personal, and social relationships with their supervisees. Supervisors consider the risks of extending their supervisory relationship and ensure that their judgement is not impaired and no harm occurs
46
Supervisory Relationship - Sexual Relationships
Sexual or romantic interactions or relationships with supervisees are prohibited for both in person or electronic supervisory relationships.
47
Counseling Supervision Evaluation, Remediation and Endorsement - Counseling for Supervisees
Supervisor will assist the supervisee with obtaining appropriate counseling services, but does not provide them. They address the impact of interpersonal competence on clients, the supervisory relationship and professional functioning.
48
Responsibilities of Counselor Educators - Use of Case Examples
The use of client, student or supervisee information as examples in the classroom is only allowed when a) the client, student or supervisee has reviewed the material and agreed to its presentation and b) the information has been modified to obscure identity.
49
Rights of Research Participants - Confidentiality of Information
Information obtained about participant is confidential and procedures are implemented to protect confidentiality
50
Research and Publications Publications and Presentations - Plagiarism
Counselors do not plagiarize
51
Publications and Presentations - Duplicate Submissions
Counselors submit manuscripts to only one journal at a time. Manuscripts that are published in whole or part by one publisher are not submitted to another publisher without acknowledgment and permission from the original publisher
52
Publications and Presentations - Use of Case Examples
The use of case examples is only ok when it has been reviewed with the involved parties and the information has been modified to obscure identity
53
Resolving Ethical Issues Suspected Violations - Informal Resolution
When a counselor has reason to believe that another counselor is violating or has violated an ethical standard and substantial harm has not occurred, they attempt to first resolve the issue informally with the other counselor if feasible, provided suck action does not violate confidentiality rights that may be involved
54
RESPECTFUL Model
``` Religion Economics Sexual Orientation Psychological Age Ethnicity Chronological Age Trauma Family Uniqueness Language ```
55
American Counseling Association ethical decision making model 7steps
1) Identify the Problem 2) Apply the ACA Code of Ethics 3) Determine the nature and dimensions of the dilemma 4) Generate potential courses of action 5) Consider the potential consequences of all options. Choose a course of action 6) Evaluate the selected course of action 7) Implement the course of action
56
American School Counselors Association ethical decision making model 9 steps
1) Define the problem emotionally and intellectually 2) Apply the ASCA Ethical standards and the law 3) Consider the students chronological and developmental age 4) Consider the setting, parental rights and minor's rights 5) Apply the moral principals 6) Define your potential courses of action and their consequences 7) Evaluate the selected action 8) Consult 9) Implement the course of action

Ethics (2 decks)

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