ETHICS AND PHILOSOPHICAL INQUIRY - MORAL DILEMMA Flashcards
- From Gk. word “ethos” =
meaning: “customs”, “usage” or
“character”. - a philosophical study of moral
judgments.
ethics
- also known as Moral
Philosophy. - deals with norms or standard of
right and wrong/ good and evil
applicable to human behavior.
ethics
ethics - Maybe described as a
___ ___ on
various life situations
critical reflection
ethics - An ___ into some
standard to guide one’s
action, or as a tool to
understand a given
condition
inquiry
who said “Wonder is the feeling
of a philosopher, and
philosophy begins in
wonder.”
socrates
period in time where they concerned themselves with the nature and origin of
the world
pre-socratic period (ancient)
Everything come from water.
thales
Everything come from air.
anaximenes
Everything come from number
pythagoras
Everything is in a constant flux
heraclitus
Change is an illusion,
everything is permanent.
parmenides
who said “This unquenchable
desire to know is
philosophy.”
pythagoras
philia means
love
sophia means
wisdom
who said “Human life is a struggle to live more thoughtfully;
to live according to a certain idea or form of what
life ought to be.”
plato
true or false - The practice of inquiry SHIFTED from outside of the human person to the human person itself; from being inquiring to being who is subject of inquiry.
true
areas of ethics:
Examines the validity of standards that make such
judgment of right or wrong possible.
meta-ethics
area of ethics:
The study of ethical
actions and questions the
standards of what is
considered morally good
or bad
normative ethics
areas of ethics:
concerned with question
such as why should one be
moral and how can one
tell what is right or wrong
normative ethics
a method geared towards
arriving at a clear meaning
of common human issues
in everyday life
philosophical inquiry
instances when individuals
are confronted with conflicting answers to the
question, “what is right?”
moral dilemma
a situation in which
difficult choice has to be made between two courses of action, either of which entails transgressing a moral principle
- english oxford dictionary
moral dilemma
kritikos means
discerning judgement
kriterion means
standards
There is a consequential and complimentary relation
between ___ and ___.
acting and thinking
The art of analyzing
and evaluating thinking with a view to improving it
- richard paul and linda elder
critical thinking
modes of thinking:
It is the kind of thinking that makes people aware of a particular object of thought.
first-order thinking or ordinary thinking
modes of thinking:
- The moment you start asking HOW or WHY instead of WHAT?
- To engage in reflection, assessment, and interpretation.
second-order thinking or critical thinking
who said “Self awareness is key to living a more meaningful life.”
plato
lays out the problem or issue and
guides our thinking. When the question is vague, our thinking
will lack clarity and distinctness.
question
- includes the facts, data, evidence, or experiences
we use to figure things out. - It does not necessarily imply accuracy or correctness.
information
- interpretations or conclusions you come to.
- what the mind does in figuring something out.
- should logically follow from the evidence
interpretation and inference
- ideas, theories, laws, principles, or hypotheses we use in thinking to make sense of things.
concepts
- beliefs you take for granted. They usually operate at
the subconscious or unconscious level of thought.
assumptions
- claims or truths that logically follow from other claims or
truths. - follow from thoughts.
- inherent in your thoughts, whether you see them or not
implications
- follow from actions
consequences
