Ethics and Ethical Reasoning Flashcards
is a branch of philosophy also called moral philosophy
Ethics
ask basic questions about the good life, about what is better or what is worse
Ethics
it defends a THESIS about what is good, right, and just
Normative Ethics
it asks questions about the nature of ethics, including the meaning of ethical terms and judgment (Meaning)
Metaethics
factual matters are relevant to moral evaluation
True
that everybody is FREE to choose what path they want regardless of status in the economy
Liberalism
peace will not exist if there is no war
True
is a necessity on the ethical judgment
Ethical Information
Ethics has indebted in other disciplines
psychology, sociology, history
which state actual belief and evaluative judgment (actual)
Descriptive (Empirical) Judgment
it is evaluative in NATURE, it places a value negative or positive on some action or practices (depending on your religious conviction and/or principles)
Normative (Moral) Judgment
under descriptive judgment
psychology, sociology
under normative judgment
ethics, law, religion, aesthetics, customs
to know the extent of good and wrong
Ethical Terms
too much of being good is bad by:
Plato and Aristotle
claims that our idea rests upon some sort of intuitive knowledge of ethical truths
Intuitionism
it maintains that when we say something good, we are showing approval of it, recommending without describing it (empathy) (based on the emotions of others
Emotivism
we ought to desire things that are good (ode to do our duty)
Objectivist
it explains value judgment merely express SUBJECTIVE OPINION
Subjectivist
the value of morality depending upon our benefits
Intrinsic Ends
allowing ourselves to be an instrument
Instrumental Ends
it also involves arguments about what is the case or what is true
Structure of Ethical Reasoning and Arguments
it can be constructed well or constructed poorly, a good argument is a SOUND argument
Evaluating and Making Good Argument
are usually excuses to explain away bad behavior
Rationalization
a systematic exposition of a particular view about the nature and basis of good and right
Ethical Theory
this theory is based on MORAL JUDGMENT on their consequences
Consequentialist or Teleological Moral Theories
from the Greek word “telos” which means
goal and/or end
those theories that hold actions can be right or wrong regardless of consequences
Nonconsequentialist or Deontological Theories
from the Greek word “deon” which means
duty
