Ethics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the scientific moral status of a pre-implantation embryo?

A
  • Not concious (can’t feel anything)

- ‘Just a ball of cells’

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2
Q

What is the catholic moral status of a pre-implantation embryo?

A
  • Can’t judge the status by developmental stage
  • Has potential to be a human, therefore should have human status
  • Special duty to protect the most venerable
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3
Q

What is the UK legislation on stem cell research?

A
  • Limits research to 14 days post fertilisation or up to when the primitive streak appears
  • No one should undertake research on human embryos if it could be achieved by the use of animals in some other way
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4
Q

What do HFEA do?

A
  • Regulate the creation and use of embryos for IVF

- Regulate the use of human gametes and embyos for both clinical use (IVF) and research

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5
Q

What are the 3 ways of generating stem cells?

A

1) IVF
2) Cloning
3) Somatic cells (iPSC)

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6
Q

In the UK is it allowed to create embryos for ES cell derivation?

A

Yes, but this is unusual

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7
Q

What are the new ethical challenges in stem cell research?

A
  • Is it acceptable to make gametes fro PSCs?
  • Should a man be able to clone himself to make sperm fro IVF?
  • Should we allow PSCs to be used for testing drugs and cosmetics?
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8
Q

What is ‘beneficence’?

A
  • Physician-centered decisions

- To benefit

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9
Q

What is ‘non-maleficence’?

A

First do no harm

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10
Q

What is ‘automony’?

A

Patients right to self-determination

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11
Q

What is ‘justice’?

A

Fairness

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12
Q

What are the possible points of disagreement?

A

1) Source of cells
- Destroying lives?

2) Source of funding
- Should people pay who object?

3) Autonomy
4) Respect for ‘life
5) Definition of ‘life’

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13
Q

What is an organoid?

A
  • An artificially grown mass of cells or tissue that resembles an organ
  • But poorly represents the organ
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