ethics

Question 1

consequence based approach

Answer 1

driven by the consideration for the consequences that are likely to result.
maximise positive outcomes while minimising negative effects

key points: emphasis the surrounding circumstances of an action
- may allow individuals to break the rules in order to achieve the greatest good for the most amount of people

Question 2

duty based approach

Answer 2

driven by a fundamental duty to act a certain way (doctor to patient)
aim to follow set rules and responsibility with less regard of the consequences.

key points: some actions must be followed because they are the responsibility of the individuals, regardless of the consequence

Question 3

virtue based approach

Answer 3

driven by their character rather than fundamental rules or consequences.
emphasise moral nature of the individual and provide guidance as to the behaviour

key points: action can be justified because its charitable, caring or good. emphasis on the virtues involved in making the decisions

Question 4

integrity

Answer 4

doing the right thing when no-one is looking

acting honestly and truthfully, especially when presenting their results

Question 5

justice

Answer 5

people get what they deserve

consideration of different peoples opinions and positions.
prioritises a fair distribution of resources and equality for marginalised individuals.

Question 6

benefience

Answer 6

doing good to other

act in a way that benefits other while minimising risks to the same people

Question 7

non-maleficence

Answer 7

doing no harm

act in ways that remove as much harm as possible

even if its to the detriment to people free choice and autonomy

Question 8

respect

Answer 8

honouring someones feelings, needs or decisions

consider the value of others, including personal welfare, beliefs, freedom and autonomy

priorities the freedom of others to make their own decisions

Question 9

social factors

Answer 9

affect people, community or society.
eg. quality of life

Question 10

economic factors

Answer 10

costs associated with and the long term financial impact of an issue

Question 11

political factors

Answer 11

all decisions made by a local/national government about the legality of industries, taxation policies or environmental standards

Question 12

legal factors

Answer 12

how laws are implemented and enforced