Ethics Flashcards
The General Pharmaceutical
Council (GPhC)
1.Set standards for
education, training and
revalidation of
registered pharmacists
and technicians.
2.Approve and accredit
qualifications and
training.
3.Maintain register
4.Set standards of
conduct and
performance.
5.Investigate concerns
and act on them.
6.Inspection of premises.
The Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS)
- To gain recognition for pharmacy
- Print publications
- Provide development for pharmacists
GPhC
Standards
for
Pharmacy
Professionals
1.Provide person
centred care
2.Work in
partnership with
others
3.Communicate
effectively
4.Maintain, develop
and use their
professional
knowledge and skills
5.Use
professional
judgement
6.Behave in a
professional
manner
7.Respect and
maintain the person’s
confidentiality &
privacy
8.Speak up when
they have concerns
or things go
wrong
9.Demonstrate
leadership
Standard 1:Person-centred care
> Patients encouraged to have more control over, and involvement in, their health and care
A move away from patients as passive recipients of care to active participants in their care
Shared decision-making is at the heart of this
Lived Experience + Healthcare expertise = Safer and more inclusive care
People should be treated with dignity, compassion and respect
You need to be culturally informed
Patient vs Person
The term
person-centred
care is
preferred to
patient-centred
care because: person-centred care extends the
concept of patient-centred care to also include families and
other individuals, considered as an individual.
Reflective Practice
ability to reflect on one’s actions so as to engage in a process
of continuous learning
Reflection is the process where healthcare professionals assess their professional
experiences – both positive and where improvements may be needed – recording and
documenting insight to aid their learning and identify opportunities to improve.
Reflective practice allows an individual to continually improve the quality of care they
provide and gives multi-disciplinary teams the opportunity to reflect and discuss
openly and honestly.
independent prescriber (IP)
is a practitioner, who is responsible and
accountable for the assessment of patients with undiagnosed or
diagnosed conditions and can make prescribing decisions to manage the
clinical condition of the patient.
supplementary prescriber (SP)
is a practitioner who prescribes within an
agreed patient specific clinical management plan (CMP), agreed in
partnership by a supplementary prescriber with a doctor or dentist
Independent Prescriber (IP)
> Can prescribe CDs except cocaine, diamorphine or
dipipanone for treating addiction.
Can prescribe unlicensed and/or off-label medicines.
Can authorise an emergency supply for items which
can be prescribed, including phenobarbital for
epilepsy but no other Schedule 1,2 or 3 CDs.
Responsible and accountable for the assessment of
patients with undiagnosed or diagnosed conditions
and can make prescribing decisions to manage the
clinical condition of the patient. Prescribing should
be restricted to area of competence.
Supplementary Prescriber (SP)
> Can prescribe CDs except cocaine, diamorphine or
dipipanone for treating addiction
Can prescribe unlicensed and/or off-label medicines.
Can authorise an emergency supply for items which
can be prescribed, including phenobarbital for
epilepsy but no other Schedule 1,2 or 3 CDs.
Prescribing is restricted to areas of clinical
competence and included within an agreed patient specific written clinical management plan, agreed in
partnership with a doctor or dentist.
Professionalism (standard 6)
An individual who;
Behaves and acts professionally
Exercises professionalism and
professional judgement
Has professional values,
attitudes and behaviours, central to maintaining
trust and confidence in pharmacy.
Professional Judgement
(Standard 5)
- Using knowledge and experience along with critical reasoning to
make an informed professional decision with regards to a problem or
dilemma - Takes into account
- Law
- Ethics
- Relevant standards
- Other relevant factors e.g. effects on patient
- Resonates with core values, attitudes and behaviours of professionalism
professional judgement process
1.Identify the ethical
dilemma or professional
issue
2. Gather relevant
information
* Research the problem, collate the
facts, knowledge, laws, standards,
good practice guidance, advice from
support services, head office, line
managers or colleagues.
3. Identify the possible
options
* What could you do?
4. Weigh up the benefits and
risks of each option
* What are the consequences of each
option?
* How likely are the consequences?
5. Choose an option
* What should you do?
* You must be able to justify your
decision. There may be conflicting
legal and moral obligations.
6. Document/record your
decision and reasoning
standards
GPhC standards
* Regulatory
* For pharmacy
professionals
* For registered
pharmacies
* Provide framework to
ensure good care focused
on patients
* Reflect public
expectations of pharmacy
* And what pharmacists
expect of themselves
RPS standards
* Not mandatory
* But expected to follow
if a member
* Supportive, enabling
* Set out what constitutes
good practice
* RPS code of conduct (MEP
chapter 5, p.148)
Guidance (GPhC and RPS)
* Helps pharmacy
professionals to meet the
standards
conflict of interest
“ A situation in which someone cannot make a fair decision because they will be affected by
the result”
“A situation in which a person is in a position to derive personal benefit from actions or
decisions made in their official capacity”.
Must be declared whether actual or potential (possibility of a future conflict) to your employer through a line manager, governance or conflict lead
* someone commissioning your services
* Chairperson at meetings
