Ethics Flashcards
What does ASPA stand for?
Animals Scientific Procedures Act
When was ASPA published?
1986
What are the 3R’s for ASPA?
Reduction, refinement and replacement
Out of 3R’s, which R should be prioritized?
Replacement
What ethical view does ASPA take?
Requires a harm-benefit analysis of the programme of work to assess whether the harm that would be caused to animals (suffering, pain and distress), is justified by the expected outcome, taking into account ethical considerations and expected benefit to human beings, animals and environment.
Are great ape species prohibited by ASPA?
Yes.
What is the meaning of reduction in 3R’s?
Attempting to take measures of minimizing the number of animals used in the project.
What is the meaning of replacement in 3R’s?
Attempting to achieve the objectives of the project without using animals.
What is the meaning of refinement in 3R’s?
Attempting to choose most refined models, methods and animals for the experiment and minimize animal sufferring during the project and any procedures categorized as “severe”.
What is the definition of protected animals according to ASPA?
Any living vertebrate other than man and any living cephalopod
Does ASPA protect immature animals?
It depends. Immature forms from certain stages of development are not protected by ASPA. Mammals, birds and reptiles in their last third of gestation or incubation, fish and amphibia in their stages of independent feeding, and Cephalopods in their end of the embryonic stage are protected by ASPA.
Is squid protected by ASPA?
Yes.
What is the procedure regulated by ASPA?
A procedure applied to a protected animal for an experimental or other scientific purpose which may have the effect of causing that animal pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm equivalent to or higher than the introduction of a needle in accordance with good veterinary practice.
Does ASPA regulate the following procedures?
(1) The procedure fits two criteria (for scientific purposes and use of protected animals) of ASPA except that the procedure is part of the combination of procedures in which together cause pain suffering distress or lasting harm.
(2) The procedure fits two criteria (for scientific purposes and potential of causing pain) of ASPA except but uses unprotected animals. However, during the procedure, the animal becomes legally protected.
Yes, ASPA regulate both cases.
What is the definition of qualifying purposes?
Purposes that are authorised by ASPA, involving activities such as basic research, translational or applied research, production or testing of drugs and foodstuffs, protection of natural environment, preservation of particular animals or species, education or training and forensic enquiries.
What are the exemptions that ASPA does not regulate?
- marking (primarily for identification,
only momentary or transient pain) - humane killing ( for scientific purpose, using Schedule 1 methods
- recognised practice (veterinary, agricultural, or animal husbandry, veterinary clinical trials)
What are the three levels of control?
- Person
- Programm of work
- Place
What are the responsibilities of a personal license holder?
- Bear primary responsibility for the animals on which they have performed regulated procedures
- Must make suitable arrangements for the care and welfare of any animal during any period of absence.
- Must check that authority exists in both personal and project licences for the procedure to be carried out
- Must check that the place where the work is to be done is specified in the project licence
- Must keep records of animals on which procedures have been performed
- Must label cages or pens accurately
- Must kill any animal suffering severe distress, which cannot be alleviated.
- Must ensure that animals are killed after regulated procedures if they are suffering
or likely to suffer adverse effects
What are the responsibilities of the project license holder?
- Ensuring that the 3 Rs are implemented throughout the lifetime of a project. If a better method is developed during a project, it is expected to be used.
- Ensuring compliance with the terms and conditions of the project licence.
- Ensuring the plan of work and procedures are made available to personal licence holders
- Provide appropriate levels of supervision for personal licensees carrying out regulated procedures under the authority of his/her project licence.
- Additional justification required for the use of special species (cats, dogs, Equidae, primates)
- Animals must be killed at the end of procedures if they are likely to suffer
- PPLh must record actual severity experienced by animals undergoing procedures. This is reported as part of annual statistics.
What are the responsibilities of the establishment license holder?
- Three Rs: The licence holder must ensure that the 3Rs are implemented fully.
- Humane Killing register: The licence Holder must maintain a register of persons competent to apply methods of humane killing listed in Schedule 1 or on project licences at the establishment. Someone
competent to humanely kill an animal must always be available, and any necessary equipment must be available. It is recommended that a copy of Schedule 1 is displayed in areas where animals are
killed and that a copy of the Code of Practice be readily available for reference. - Maintenance of facilities and equipment: The licence holder is responsible for ensuring that the facilities for animal holding and use are maintained at least to minimum standards. These standards are
set out in codes of practice issued by the Secretary of State. Animals must at all times be provided with care and accommodation appropriate to their needs. The holder is also responsible for ensuring that records are kept of the source, use, disposal and health of animals. - Staff: The licence holder is responsible for ensuring that sufficient staff are available to care for the
protected animals kept. The staff must be adequately educated and trained and supervised until they are competent. - Daily checking of animals and environment: The well-being and state of health of animals must be
monitored at least daily by a suitably qualified person, and timely action taken to prevent problems. Any
restrictions on the extent to which an animal can satisfy its physiological and ethological needs must be
kept to the absolute minimum.
What does AWERB stand for?
Animal welfare and ethical review body
How is AWERB established?
Set up by PEL holder
What are the roles of AWERB?
- Advise staff on matters relating to animal welfare
- Advise on 3 Rs
- Review management processes
- Advise on project applications and review ongoing projects
- Support named persons
- Promote a ‘culture of care
What personnel are required to be nominated by ASPA
Named animal care and welfare officer (NACWO), named Veterinary Surgeon (NVS), named training and competence officer (NTCO), named information officer (NIO) and named person responsible for compliance.
