Ethical guidelines (Animals as ppts)

Question 1

What is meant by replacement in ethical guidelines?

Answer 1

• Researchers should consider replacing animals with other options
• Videos from previous studies/ computer simulations

Question 2

What is meant by species in the ethical guidelines?

Answer 2

• Chosen species should be the LEAST likley to suffer PAIN and DISTRESS
• Factors include: Whether the animal was bred in capitivity
• Previous experience of experimentation
• Sentience of species

Question 3

What is mean by number of animals in the ethical guidelines?

Answer 3

• Researchers should keep to the minimum number of animals to accomplish research aims and produce reliable results
• This can be calculated via pilot studies and statistical programmes

Question 4

What is meant by “procedures”?

Answer 4

• Animal experiences in the study should be postive or normal

Question 5

What is meant by pain , suffering and distress?

Answer 5

• Research causing physical, psychological pain, suffering or distress should be AVOIDED
• Experimental design should improve the animals experince
• Naturally occuring instances may be used (stress)
• Any costs should be justified by the scientific benifit of the work

Question 6

How can the expeirmental design improve the animals experience?

Answer 6

• Researchers can study effects of early enrichment rather than deprivation on development

Question 7

What is Bateson’s cube?

Answer 7

• A model
• Of the cost–benefit analysis for animal research
• Degree of animal suffering/ findings benifts/ research quality

Question 8

What is meant by reward, deprivation and aversive stimuli?

Answer 8

• In the planning of reseach deprivation and aversive stimuli should be avoided, reward should be instead
• The deprivation level should not be greater than needed to achieve the expeirmental aims
• Should only be used when there are no other alternatives consistent with the reseachers aims

Question 9

What is meant by housing?

Answer 9

• Researchers should recreate the natural habita, physical and social conditions
• Sufficient resources and needs should be met between testing
• Isolation, overcrowding and unsanitary conditions shouldn’t occur with the aniaml being given enough space to move freely
• Stress should be consider whenCage cleaning (disturbance/unfamilar smells