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LAN technologies > Ethernet Overview > Flashcards

Ethernet Overview Flashcards

1
Q

What is Carrier Sense?

A

Listens to the segment to see if there are other transmissions. If free, sends the frame. If busy, waits for network to be free.

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2
Q

What is multiple access?

A

Many devices can connect to the network. Therefore, CSMA/CD is a contention access method due to competition from the devices to transmit.

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3
Q

What is collision detection?

A

If two or more stations transmit at the same time, data collides and is destroyed. Jam signals indicate a data collision. When a station detects jam signals, it stops transmitting and retransmits after random time.

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4
Q

What device generates a jam signal? How is a jam signal different from other signals?

A

Data terminal equipment (DTE) that did the transmission emits data jam signal. It is any pattern other than one concluding with a CRC (cyclic redundancy check) as would normally be included.

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5
Q

When is a data collision error declared to upper layers?

A

17th retry, after a wait time has been exponentially increased at the 16th try.

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6
Q

What is muxing?

A

Multiplexing. Multiple data strand combined into one signal over shared medium.

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7
Q

How much of a baseband LAN cable’s capacity is used to transmit a single digital signal?

A

100%

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8
Q

What are 4 common types of baseband cables?

A
  • Thicknet
  • Thinnet
  • UTP
  • Fiber optic
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9
Q

What is the difference between Thicknet and Thinnet?

A

Thicknet: 0.4 inch diameter
Thinnet: 0.2 inch diameter; cheaper

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10
Q

How many conductors are in UTP and what are they made of? How are they twisted?

A

8 x 24 gauge copper wires, organized into 4 pairs.

Each pair is twisted at a constant rate, but each pair has different twist lengths.

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11
Q

How pure is the glass in fiber optics?

A

Very pure.

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12
Q

Fill in the blanks.

Fast Ethernet is ___ times faster than Ethernet. It is ___________ with regular (___mb/s) Ethernet.

Fast Ethernet is based on the ___ Base-TX/T4/FX standards.

A

10, backwards-compatible, 10

100

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13
Q

How fast does Gigabit Ethernet transmit? The standards for gigabit Ethernet transmission media are: ____ Base-T/LX/SX/CX/XD/LH

A

1000 Mb/s (1 Gb/s)

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14
Q

What is a MIB?

A

Management Information Base

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15
Q

List sine functions that are compatible between all Ethernet types. What does this achieve?

A 
Standard Ethernet frame
MIBs
remote monitoring specification (RMON)
CSMA/CD
common network management tools

User applications can remain the same; speed is increased and NICs and cabling can be improved.

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16
Q

10 Gigabit cabling standards are: ___ Base-CX4/SR/LX4/LR/ER/SW/LW/EW.

17
Q

What are 3 significant advances in Ethernet?

A

Full duplex
Auto-negotiation
10Gbe WAN PHY

18
Q

What is full duplex vs half-duplex?

A

Half duplex used one wired pair to send/receive, and wired pair to use CSMA/CD. You could either transmit or receive.

Full duplex does not use CSMA/CD, so two stations can simultaneously transmit data, doubling capacity.

19
Q

What is auto negotiation?

A

Enables devices to negotiate speed and mode (half or full duplex) of an Ethernet link.

20
Q

What is FLP?

A

Fast Link Pulses, used on fast Ethernet devices between adjacent link stations to negotiate highest service level for that link (part of auto negotiation)

21
Q

What is 10GbE WAN PHY?

A

10 gigabit Ethernet WAN physical layer bridges Ethernet and SONET/SDH infrastructures

22
Q

Decipher the following:

64o or 1518o

PRE | DA | SA | TYPE | DATA | FCS

A

64 octets or 1518 octets = bytes = 8 bits

Preamble: for synchronization
Destination Address
Source Address
Ethernet type: protocol type in an Ethernet LAN packet
Data: upper later data (excluding voice)
Frame Check Sequence: math formula to check for transmission errors

23
Q

Is DIX Ethernet frames or IEEE 802.3 Frames?

A

Ethernet. Digital-Intel-Xerox.

24
Q

Decipher the following:

PRE | SFD | DA | SA | LEN | LLC | DATA | PAD | FCS

What kind of frame?

A

IEEE 802.3

Preamble (for synchronization)
Start Frame Delimiter: tells that all subsequent info is actual frame
Destination Address
Source Address
Length of LLC field
Logical Link Control: includes end system addressing and error-checking; common standards of data exchange and assembly
Data excluding voice
Padding to meet min size if needed
Frame check sequence: formula to determine transmission errors

25
Q

What are the 3 functional components of CSMA/CD?

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection:

  1. Carrier sense
  2. Multiple access
  3. Collision detection

LAN technologies (4 decks)

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