Ethernet basics

Question 1

What is the purpose of using small discrete frames instead of sending data all at once over a network?

Answer 1

Big data chunks would monopolize the network and reduce availability for other people.

Question 2

What is a frame’s preamble.

Answer 2

An eight byte “warning of incoming data” segment in a frame for NICs

Question 3

True or false: The “Type” section within a frame tells the NIC if the data within is an email, http, etc.

Answer 3

False. It only tells if the data is IPv4, 6, etc.

Question 4

When is padding used in a frame and why?

Answer 4

Padding is used when a frame does not meet minimum size requirements of 64bytes.

Question 5

What is baseband

Answer 5

One signal over a wire at a time

Question 6

What is broadband

Answer 6

Multiple signals over the same wire. Ex: Your tv and internet signal over the same coax cable is your ‘broadband connection’

Question 7

On an 8P8C connector what are the sending and receiving pins

Answer 7

1 and 2 send

3 and 6 receive

Question 8

What does TIA 568 A start with

Answer 8

GW, G

Question 9

What does TIA 568B start with

Answer 9

OW, O

Question 10

On a 10BaseT network how many hosts can a hub handle? And What topology i scommonly used?

Answer 10

1024, starbus

Question 11

What does the “Carrier sense” of CSMA/CD mean?

Answer 11

The ability for NICS to detect when a signal is already on the network’s wire and wait to transmit their data when it’s free.

Question 12

What does the “Multiple access” part of CSMA/CD mean?

Answer 12

All computers have equal access to the network wire

Question 13

What does the “Collision detection” part of CSMA/CD mean?

Answer 13

When a collision is detected (NICS can do that apparently), the two sending NICS will stop transmitting and wait for a random interval before checking the wire again.

Question 14

How are switches better than hubs

Answer 14

They create a point to point connection between nodes, giving them maximum bandwidth.

Question 15

What happens when you first turn on a switch?

Answer 15

It will act like a hub until it has gathered all the MAC addresses of the nodes on its network.

Question 16

What is the purpose of an uplink port?

Answer 16

To connect another switch

Question 17

How can you connect two switches without an uplink port?

Answer 17

A crossover cable. Though this is only useful on old 10BASET networks.

Question 18

Which legacy networks would require crossover cables for their switches?

Answer 18

10 and 100 BASE-T

Question 19

What is the purpose of STP

Answer 19

Spanning tree protocol prevents bridging loops by disabling ports that could lead to bridging loops happening.

Question 20

Why do some network technicians purposely make a bridging loop?

Answer 20

For redundancy. STP will block the connection until it’s needed.

Question 21

Spanning tree protocol uses a _____ switch as a point of reference to map the network

Answer 21

Root

Question 22

What is the correct orientation to read the numbers on an rj-45?

Answer 22

Clip facing the floor, gold contacts at the top, 1-8 left to right.

Question 23

What is Ipv6 ND?

Answer 23

neighbor discovery is how Ipv6 resolves IPV6 addresses to MAC addresses. It can also do this to find the default gateway. It is a replacement for IPv4’s ARP.

IPv6 will broadcast a neighbour discovery and request the information of a local PC, at which point the destination computer will respond.

Question 24

What is the term for a pc that can use both ipv6 and ipv4

Answer 24

Dual stack