Ethanol Metabolism Flashcards
What is the reaction of ethanol metabolism in the cytosol?
Ethanol—————————Acetaldehyde
Alcohol dehydrogenase
NAD+ converted into NADH
What is the reaction of ethanol metabolism in the mitochondria
Acetaldehyde——————————Acetate
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
NAD+ converted into NADH
What is the reaction of ethanol metabolism that occurs in the microsome
NADPH converted into NADP and ROS by CYP2E1
What is the reaction of ethanol metabolism in peroxisome
H2O2 converted into H2O
catalase
What is the root of the increased NADH/NAD+ ratio in the liver
Ethanol metabolism
What are the three outcomes of increased NADH to NAD ratio
Pyruvate shunted to lactate (in order to regenerate NAD+) This leads to lactic acidosis
OOA shunted to malate (in order to regenerate NAD+). This leads to decreased gluconeogenesis and fasting hypoglycaemia
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate shunted to glycerol 3 phosphate. Increased glycerol combines with fatty acids to make TGs. Leads to hepatosteatosis
Stalls TCA cycle, increased acetyl coA for ketogenesis. This leads to ketoacidosis
Stalls TCA cycle, increased citrate for lipogenesis. Citrate acts to induce acetyl coa carboxylase and increased malonyl coa inhibits b oxidation
Which drug inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase
Fomepazole
Fomepizole is an antidote for
For Overdoses of Methanol or Ethylene glycol
What drug inhibits Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Disulfurm
Inhibiting Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase will lead to
Acetaldehyde accumulates contributing to hangover symptoms
What discourages drinking
Disulfiram
What is the limiting reagant
NAD+
Alcohol dehydrogenase operates over via
Zero order kinetics
High ________ slows ________ metabolism, resulting in the buildup of ________. This is the acute _______ which is called ______. Chronically it causes ______ which is called
Nadh Ethanol Acetaldehyde Inflammation Alcholic hepatitis Scar tissue Hepatic cirhosis
Alcohol flushing is common among the ________
Asian, Japanese and Korean population
