etc Flashcards
which are poly articular
RA and lupus
examples of mono and oligo articular
septic, OA, gout, trauma, spondylo-…
are non inflammatory worse or better with activity
OA is worse with activity
inflmattory arthritis worse or better w activity
worse in morning and with inactivity
i.e gout, RA< infection, lupus, spondylo-
intrarticular vs periarticular vs tendonitis or bursitis effects on ROM
intraarticular: restricted AROM and PROm
periarticular: restricted AROM
tendonitis/bursitis: pain on PROM
4 Ds of epiglottitis
drooling
dysphagia
dysphonia
distress
peritonsillar abscess 2 key point
unilateral sore throat
uvular deviation to contralateral side
acute epiglottis vs peritonsillar abscess vs retropharyngel abseccess age
epiglottis- 2-6
peritosinalr= 20-40
retropharyngeal 3-5years
retropharyngela abseccess key findings
neck stiff, stridor, 4 Ds,
pre vertebral soft tissue thickening
GABHS what has a high LR+
tonsillar exudates
modified Centro store
age <15
tonsillar exudates
ferver> 38
no cough
anterior cerveical adenopathy
infectious mononucleosis high LR+
posterior cervical lymphs and palatine petichae
what is the mono spot test for
heterophil antibody agglutination
what causes mono
EBV
age for mono vs strep
mono: 5-25
strep:5-15
influenza scale
fever plus cough (+2)
myalgia (+2)
duration <48 hours (+1)
chills or sweats (+1)
conductive hearing loss (middle or outer)
lateralize to affected ear and BC>AC
sensorineural (inner ear)
lateralize to unaffected ear
AC> BC (aka normal)
otitis externa bacterial casues
pseudomonas species or staphyloccosu auresus
AOM bacterials
s pneumonia, h influenza, m catarrhalis
AOM age
6-24 months w developing eustachian tube
AOM tympanic membrane
BULGING,,,, cloudy, inflamed, erythema, immobile
<1cm:
papule
macule
petichae
vesicle
> 1cm
nodule
bullae
patch
plauqe
other skin lesion
wheal
pustule
purpura
atopic dermatitis
increase IgE; epidermal barrier dysfunction
contact dermatitis 2 types
irritant or allergic
sebhorreic dermatitis
androgens, malssezia yeast, zinc deficient, cold/dry weather
dyshidrosis (acute palmoplantar eczema)
aquaporins and filaggrin
delayed hypersensitivity rxn
vesicles–>bull on palms and soles
symmetrical
septic arthritis cause
non goncococal bacteria –> staphylococcus aureus
periarticualar restricted which ROM
periarticular is soft tissue around the joints
therefore AROM is affected because active ROM involves use of muscles
PROM not effected bc when doctor moves patients it takes out the muscles
mono or oligo or poly and joint effected???
septic
gout
RA
OA
septic: mono, large joint
gout: mono, 1st MTP
RA: poly, wrist MCP, PIPm MTP
OA: mono/oligo; hands, knees, hips, feet, spine
high LR+ for osteoarthritis
bony enlargement
and knee pain with osteophytes
high LR+ blood marker for rheumatoid arthritis
Anti citrillinated protein antibodies
acute vs chronic LBP
<12 weeks
> 3 months
lumbago
back pain from quadrates lumborum or paraspinal muscles
cauda equina
which nerve roots and what is the main causes
l3-l5 nerve roots, usually from disc herniation
most common metastases for spinal malignancy
breast, lung, prostate
main cause of vertebral fracture
and which spinal area
osteoporosis
T11-L2
xray vs mri
for X-ray want to see fractures and bone and malignancy
MRI could be m ore for soft tissue, tendons, cartilage?
osteomyltitis
vertebral infection from staphylococcus aureus
which radiculopaty is most commo
L5
which nerve roots are most susceptible to injury
l4-l5 (l5 nerve root)
l5-s1 (s1 nerve root)
what makes pain better in radiculopahty
lumbar extension and recumbent position (ball)
what makes pain worse for radiculopathy
forward flexion nd increase in pressure
which disc herniation has the best prognosis
sequestration
which disc herniation has the worst prognosis
bulging
diagnosis of disc herniation
straight leg raise and Hancock rule
L4: reflex, motor and sensory
patellar
ankle dorsiflex
medial malleolus
L5: reflex, motor and sensory
asymmetric hamstring
big toe dorsiflex
dorsal 3rd MTP
S1: reflex, motor and sensory
achilles reflex
ankel plantar flexion
lateral heel
4 stages of disc herniation
- bulging disc (not herniated)
- disc herniation- protrusion (prolapse)
- DH- extrusion
- DH- sequestration
spondylosis
degeneration of spinal column
spinal stenosis
narrowing of spinal canal –> compress nerve roots
spondylolysis
weak or fracture to pars interarticularis
spondylolithesis
vertebral body slippage
spinal stenosis high LR+
wide based gait
spinal stenosis better vs worse
bette with forward flexion worse with lumbar extension
sponylolysis diagnosis
increased lumbar lordosis, tight hamstrings, tender, decrease ROM
sponylolistheis pain w__
flexion and extension
dysthymia aka
persistent depressive disorder
bipolar
manic or hypomanic episodes
schizo
psychotic symptoms (delusion and hallucinations)
