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2015 > ET VOL 6 CH 6,7 > Flashcards

ET VOL 6 CH 6,7 Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Which of the following items is stored in main memory?

A

Data, programs, calculations, and operands

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3
Q

Time interval from the instant a request for data is initiated until the data is available for use.

A

access time

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4
Q

The output side of a flip-flop is read from memory without having to be rewritten

A

non-destructive readout

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5
Q

The power to the computer is turned off and the contents of memory are retained.

A

nonvolatile memory

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6
Q

The particular location of a larger memory array where a packet of information is located.

A

memory access

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7
Q

Power is shut off to the computer and the contents of the semi- conductor memory are lost.

A

volatile memory

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8
Q

The data is lost when it is read from memory.

A

destructive readout

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9
Q

A memory unit that can receive requests from more than one CPU or I/O section is known as which of the following types of memories?

A

Multiported memory module

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10
Q

Pcb type memories are usually composed of which of the following memory types?

A

Semiconductor

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11
Q

In a typical square form memory, the intersection of an x row and y column is called a

A

memory word address

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12
Q

The x rows and y columns of a typical memory will be equal in number.

A

true

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13
Q

Memory operations in most computers usually include which of the following items?

A
  1. Control circuits 2. Timing circuits 3. Memory cycle
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14
Q

Memory interface circuits include which of the following items?

A

Communication lines Interfacing register

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15
Q

A word is read from memory, then rerouted back through the Z register to be rewritten. This is what type of memory?

A

Destructive readout

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16
Q

Priority of memory requests are evaluated by which of the following devices?

A

Control circuits

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17
Q

Memory read/write enables are provided by which of the following devices?

A

Timing circuits

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18
Q

what is the memory cycle

A

read/write

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19
Q

During a complete memory cycle, the first thing that must occur is which of the following?

A

Memory address translation is accomplished

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20
Q

main memory is also called

A

ROM

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21
Q

To locate a memory address word, the computer uses which of the following items in memory?

A

Memory logic

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22
Q

The conversion from a logical to a physical memory address is a function of which of the following items in memory?

A

Memory logic

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23
Q

In all computers, for every read operation there will always be a corresponding write operation.

A

false only in destructive memory

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24
Q

In order to increase memory speed using interleaving, which of the following items are required?

A

More complex CPU and memory control circuitry

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25
Q

When odd parity is used for memory fault detection, all words stored in memory will have which of the following bits?

A

An odd number of set bits stored at each memory location

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26
Q

The memory protection register set is used for which of the following purposes?

A

To restrict read/write operations in portions of memory

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27
Q

In a memory segment within the protected area with all three bits of the memory protection control register set, which of the following operations are allowed?

A
  1. Execute protected 2. Write protected 3. Read protected
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28
Q

Memory lockout is used by larger computers to prevent access to particular areas of memory by task state instructions. Which of the following describes the lockout function?

A

It is disabled when the CPU enters a particular executive or interrupt state and disabled when the CPU enters the task state

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29
Q

Compared with semiconductor memories, magnetic memories have which of the following advantages?

A

They require less power and they are nonvolatile

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30
Q

The state of a core or film is changed by which of the following conditions?

A

Current flow in the opposite direction of sufficient magnitude to overcome the magnetic field and to magnetize in the new direction

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31
Q

Compared with core memory, film memory has which of the following advantages?

A

Increased speed of read/write operations and less power required 2. More compact and durable 3. Twice as many memory cells can be put in the same space for the same amount of power

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32
Q

Each ferrite core can store what total number of bits?

A

1

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33
Q

In a four-wire core winding, what is the physical make up of the windings that are strung through each and every core?

A

2 drives lines, 1 sense line, and 1 inhibit line

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34
Q

What Detects the change in state of the core from one to zero.

A

Sense Line

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35
Q

What Each line provides 1/2 of the current necessary to change the state of the core.

A

Drive Line

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36
Q

What Prevents changing the core from a zero to a one.

A

Inhibit Line

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37
Q

In a three-wire core, this line performs the same function as in the four-wire core.

A

Sense

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38
Q

To simplify addressing, reading, and writing operations, magnetic cores are arranged in which of the following ways?

A

In matrices

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39
Q

Which core in an array will be switched from one state to another?

A

A core with a full read or write current passing through it

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40
Q

In a core array the inhibit line is threaded in (a) with the x or y drives (series, parallel) lines and the sense line threaded through (b) core. (each, every other)

A

(a) Parallel (b) each

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41
Q

What is the basic building block of the memory stack?

A

Memory Plane

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42
Q

The address register bits are used to translate the bits to make which of the following bit selections?

A

X and Y primary, secondary, and diode; stack; and inhibit upper and lower stack

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43
Q

Which selectors are activated only when writing zeros?

A

Inhibit

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44
Q

In a core read/write cycle, the read current is designed to change the state of the core(s) to (a) what value; and the write current is designed to change the state of the core(s) from (b) what value to (c) what value?

A

(a) Zero (b) zero (c) one

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45
Q

The process of reading cores to the zero state is known as which of the following types of readout?

A

Destructive readout

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46
Q

In a core memory, a restore cycle is necessary after data has been read from memory for what reason, if any?

A

To change the state of each selected core from zero to one

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47
Q

During a restore operation of zeros in a three-wire core, the absence of write current on which of the following lines will leave the cores in the zero state?

A

Digit

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48
Q

What specific number of paired film spots is used for each bit position?

A

Two

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49
Q

Current flow through which of the following lines will magnetize a film spot?

A

Word or sense/digit, depending on the function

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50
Q

In a film memory, a packet stores what specific number of bits of data?

A

2

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51
Q

Which, if any, of the following devices makes the mated film cells less susceptible to the disturbance from other cells in close proximity to them?

A

keeper (2nd film)

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52
Q

How is mated film memory structured?

A

Word organized

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53
Q

What item is the basic building block of the film memory stack?

A

packet (mated Film)

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54
Q

The memory capacity of a film core storage device is determined by which of the following factors?

A

Number of packets and the size of the array in the memory stack

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55
Q

In film storage, up to how many words can be selected at each memory location?

A

4

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56
Q

The address register bits used to translate the bits to make selections are processed in which of the following sequences?

A

Stack, memory location, and word at the address location

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57
Q

A mated film memory cell is read by which of the following methods?

A

A current is generated along the word line and a transverse field is applied to the thin film cell

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58
Q

What factor will determine the recorded state of the film?

A

The direction of the cell vector rotation induced film signal on the sense/digit line

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59
Q

When a one is to be stored, (a) what is the direction of the bit current in relationship to that used to store a zero and (b) what field steers the vector to the one state?

A

(a) Reversed (b) Longitudinal

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60
Q

In a restore operation of a film memory, what factor determines the direction of the digit current on the sense/digit line?

A

Binary value of the data register

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61
Q

Semiconductor memories are known by all of the following terms except which one?

A

Read-only memory (RAM)

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62
Q

Semiconductor memories have which of the following characteristics?

A

Non-destructive readout and volatile

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63
Q

Each RAM chip contains which of the following items?

A

Large numbers of memory cells and the logic to support them

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64
Q

The transistors used in flip-flops of static RAM may be MOS or bipolar. Compared to MOS, bipolar has what advantage, if any?

A

Higher access speed

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65
Q

In a static RAM, the address lines are used to enable the addressed memory cell flipflop circuit by row and column number.

A

true

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66
Q

Data is stored, or read from, the memory cells of SRAM via a total of how many lines?

A

4

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67
Q

The (a) address lines and the (b) I/O data lines are usually tied to what buses?

A

(A)Computer or memory system bus (B)Data bus

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68
Q

Each dynamic RAM cell consists of which of the following devices?

A

One MOS transistor and one tiny capacitor only

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69
Q

DRAM cells do not retain their charged state for more than a few milliseconds. This degradation is due to which of the following factors?

A

Time and temperature

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70
Q

To retain their charged state, DRAMs must be refreshed. Of the following methods, which one is (a) more cost effective because it uses what (b) device?

A

(A)External (B)Single refresh address generator

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71
Q

In DRAM organization, the data input and data output lines may be tied together in what type of application, if any?

A

One that uses a bidirectional data bus

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72
Q

Programs stored on ROM are often referred to as firmware for which of the following reasons?

A

They are more hardware than software

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73
Q

Compared to RAM, ROM has all of the same operational characteristics except which of the following?

A

Can be written to by normal computer accessing methods

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74
Q

ROM has what primary use?

A

Allows the computer to perform I/O operations

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75
Q

The acronym BIOS stands for what term?

A

Basic input/output system

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76
Q

The acronym NDRO stands for what term?

A

Non-destructive readout

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77
Q

In the example, the ROM chip memory array has a total of(a) how many decoders and (b) how many lines are input to these decoders?

A

(a) 2 (b) 13

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78
Q

ROMs may be made of which of the following materials?

A

Hardwired, magnetic, fusible links, and MOS and bipolar transistors

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79
Q

To perform ROM operations, which of the following circuits are used?

A

Timing, control signals, registers, flipflops, and internal buses

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80
Q

Compared to PROM, an erasable PROM has what additional advantage, if any?

A

It can be erased and reprogrammed

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81
Q

While still in the circuit, which of the following PROMS can (a) be programmed and (b) erased?

A

(a) EAPROM/EEPROM (b) EAPROM/EEPROM

82
Q

A device that serves as a shared entry point from a local-area network into a larger information resource is which of the following?

A

Gateway

83
Q

A function that transfers status by using the appropriate control signals from a transmitting device to the receiving computer is which of the following?

A

Input data (ID)

84
Q

The I/O processor controls which of the following transfers?

A

The transfer of information between main memory and the external equipments

85
Q

Establishing, directing, and monitoring transfers with external equipments are the functions of which of the following devices?

A

IOC input output controller

86
Q

Changes to input and output control and data signal voltages are functions of which of the following devices?

A

IOA Input output adapter

87
Q

The type of connectors for the I/O channels or ports will be dictated by which of the following factors?

A

Interfacing

88
Q

The driver circuits are used for which of the following tasks?

A

To pass interface and data signals to the external equipments

89
Q

Examples of consistencies found in the architecture of a computer’s I/O section include which of the following?

A

The arrangement and format of the information exchanged

90
Q

If a printer senses a paper jam during a print operation, which of the following actions would occur?

A

A control word would be sent to the computer specifying an error condition (external interrupt)

91
Q

Handshaking is also known by which of the following terms?

A

Function control word

92
Q

The type of interface used when all bits of information represented by a byte or word are input or output simultaneously is known as which of the following formats?

A

Parallel format

93
Q

Command instructions provide control over which of the following areas/operations?

A

IOC single and dual channel operations

94
Q

The I/O command start instruction accomplishes which of the following actions?

A

Specifies an IOC, then halts further CPU processing

95
Q

The CPU will delay processing while waiting for an I/O operation only during which of the following actions?

A

Executions of an I/O command start instruction

96
Q

The actual execution of chaining instructions is independent of the CPU.

A

true

97
Q

Input and output chains deal primarily with which of the following activities?

A

Transfer of blocks of information

98
Q

Data transfer between the computer and external equipments will take place when which of the following conditions is/are met?

A

Initiate input/output or equivalent instruction is executed by the CPU

99
Q

Which of the following is one of the constants in all I/O operations?

A

When the data transfer will begin

100
Q

In I/O operations, communications with the external equipment require which of the following devices/operating modes?

A

A single channel operating mode

101
Q

When an index address in main memory is specified by an external equipment during an I/O operation, the computer is operating in which of the following modes?

A

Externally specified index mode (ESI)

102
Q

In I/O operations, which of the following is one of the primary uses of registers?

A

To enable and route both control and data information, CPU I/O and memory

103
Q

Decoder circuits are used for which of the following purposes?

A

Address translation

104
Q

Status registers are used for which of the following purposes?

A

To hold information for the CPU that indicates the operating condition and current activities of the external equipments

105
Q

In computers with an IOC, once started the master clock can be stopped when which of the following actions occurs?

A

Computer master clear

106
Q

In computers with an IOC, the master clock is started when which of the following actions occurs?

A
  1. The computer is initially powered on 2. The computer is auto restarted
107
Q

The I/O control circuits are controlled by which of the following means?

A

the computer program

108
Q

A sequential set of memory locations that contains data to be sent out or an area that is set aside for data to be received is called which of the following?

A

A buffer

109
Q

Which of the following are unbuffered operations?

A

CPU and various parts of the computer

110
Q

The I/O processor’s sequencing circuits control which of the following actions?

A

The order in which events will be executed based upon the translated function code

111
Q

The CPU interfaces with the I/O processor through which of the following means?

A

The CPU’s I/O instructions

112
Q

I/O control memory words are set aside in main memory to control which of the following actions?

A

Data transfers for I/O buffer functions

113
Q

In parallel operations, each I/O channel has its own block of memory addresses for which of the following operations?

A

Input, output, external function, and external interrupt operations

114
Q

Serial operations are affected by which of the following factors?

A

Character size, parity selection, baud rate, and synchronous and asynchronous interfacing

115
Q

Monitor words are used for which of the following purposes?

A

To store characters for comparison with received data characters

116
Q

Another term for accumulator based I/O is which of the following?

A

Direct CPU interface

117
Q

The CPU handles all I/O transactions by executing one or more instructions for each word of information transferred. This process is known by which of the following terms?

A

Accumulator based I/O (direct CPU interface

118
Q

In memory mapped I/O, the CPU accesses the I/O device by which of the following means?

A

Placing appropriate addressing information on the bus

119
Q

The main advantage of direct memory access is which of the following?

A

speed

120
Q

When the CPU and the DMA attempt to access main memory simultaneously, the CPU has priority.

A

false DMA (direct memory access)

121
Q

When a high speed disk drive is used, output data will be in which of the following forms?

A

Binary

122
Q

The technique used when more than one peripheral device is connected to a single port/channel is known by which of the following terms?

A

Daisy chaining

123
Q

When more than one peripheral device is connected to a single port/channel, the priority of a device is determined by which of the following factors?

A

CPU

124
Q

When using a request and acknowledge system, the priority of the fictions and channels is determined by which of the following factors?

A

The I/O controller

125
Q

Communication formats are governed by which of the following items?

A

The interfacing standard

126
Q

The compatibility of voltage levels between the computer and external equipments is ensured by which of the following means

A

The I/O processor

127
Q

Transfer of data within a digital computer is accomplished internally using which of the following means?

A

Parallel format

128
Q

The conversion of data for transmission over a serial channel is accomplished by which of the following means?

A

A universal receiver-transmitter

129
Q

When a universal synchronousasynchronous receiver transmitter is used, it functions as which of the following devices?

A

A peripheral device to the microprocessor

130
Q

The universal synchronous-asynchronous receiver transmitter’s specific asynchronous interfacing is controlled by which of the following means?

A

The CPU

131
Q

The read/write control logic accepts control signals from which of the following devices?

A
  1. The control bus
132
Q

To program the USART for the applicable interface when it is in an idle state, which of the following signals/words is required?

A
  1. A new set of control words
133
Q

The universal synchronous-asynchronous receiver transmitter is enabled for reading/writing operations when which of the following signals is true?

A
  1. The CHIP SELECT
134
Q

When the WRITE DATA (WD) signal is true, it means which of the following things?

A

It indicates the microprocessor is placing data on the data bus

135
Q

When the READ DATA (RD) signal is true, the microprocessor is ready for which of the following activities?

A
  1. To receive data and status words
136
Q

The transmit control logic converts the data bytes stored in the transmit buffer into which of the following forms?

A
  1. An asynchronous bit stream
137
Q

A start bit is used for which of the following purposes?

A
  1. To alert the output device
138
Q

A parity bit is used for which of the following purposes?

A
  1. To detect errors
139
Q

The receive buffer stores which of the following information?

A
  1. Parallel bytes
140
Q

The voltage and current characteristics of line drivers/receivers are dictated by which of the following factors?

A

Type of circuitry (TTL or MOS

141
Q

Type A (NTDS) Slow interface format is able to transmit which of the following number of bit groupings?

A

16, 30, or 32, depending on the type of computer

142
Q

The data transmission rate for Type A (NTDS) Slow format is limited by which of the following factors?

A

The large voltage change between logic states

143
Q

In Type D (NTDS SERIAL) interface format, information frames are made up of what total number of bits?

A

32 bits

144
Q

Type D (NTDS SERIAL) interface format can transmit digital signals up to which of the following lengths?

A

1000ft

145
Q

Type E (NATO SERIAL) format requires which of the following I/O cables?

A

Triaxial

146
Q

Type E (NATO SERIAL) format is most frequently used with which of the following equipment?

A

Mainframe computers

147
Q

Type F (aircraft internal time division multiplex [TDM] bus) interface format transmits bit groupings consisting of what total number of bits?

A

20

148
Q

Type F (aircraft internal time division multiplex [TDM] bus) interface format can handle which of the following numbers of external devices on one channel?

A

32 (including a bus controller

149
Q

Type G (RS-449) interface format primarily uses which of the following protocols?

A
  1. Command and response
150
Q

The Small Computer System Interface (ANSI X3.131) using one controller can daisy chain up to what maximum number of units?

A

8

151
Q

The RS-232 interface can be used for which of the following types of transfers?

A
  1. Asynchronous and synchronous serial
152
Q

The RS-232 interface can be used with which of the following types of computers?

A
  1. Micros, minis, and mainframes
153
Q

The RS-232 interface limits cable transfers to what maximum number of feet?

A

50ft

154
Q

In the RS-232 interface, most peripherals control configuration parameters using which of the following methods?

A

dip switches

155
Q

The higher transmission rate of the RS-422 interface is made possible by which of the following techniques?

A
  1. Two separate wires are used 2. The receiver transition period is narrower 3. The grounding requirements are less critical
156
Q

In a token ring network, a station with a message waits until it receives a free token, it then changes the free token to a busy token, and transmits a block of data following the busy token. What term is used for the block of data?

A

frame

157
Q

The Ethernet interface is used to transfer which of the following types of data in what format?

A
  1. Serial I/O data in packet format
158
Q

The type of cable used for the Ethernet interface is which of the following?

A
  1. Shielded coaxial
159
Q

Thin Ethernet interface used in smaller systems can have a maximum cable length of which of the following?

A

1000ft

160
Q

The Centronics Compatible Parallel interface uses which of the following types of protocol?

A
  1. Command/acknowledge
161
Q

Most floppy disk drives today are controlled by which of the following interfaces?

A
  1. ST-506/412 interface
162
Q

When using the ST-506/412 interface, the controller card performs which of the following functions for disk drives?

A
  1. Moves the magnetic head 2. Spins the magnetic disk 3. Strips off formatting and control words
163
Q

When using the ST-506/412 to interface a hard disk drive, the cabling required is which of the following?

A
  1. A 34-pin control cable 2. A 20-pin data cable
164
Q

When using the ST-506/412 to interface a floppy disk drive, the cabling required is which of the following?

A

34-pin control cable

165
Q

The enhanced small device interface can transfer data at up to which of the following rates?

A

24 megabits per second

166
Q

When using the enhanced small device interface with a floppy disk drive, the cabling required is which of the following?

A
  1. A 34-pin control cable 2. A 20-pin data cable
167
Q

All electronics used for the integrated drive electronics interface are located in which of the following areas?

A

The hard drive

168
Q

The integrated drive electronics interface can handle disk drives with a maximum capacity of which of the following?

A

300 MB

169
Q

The minimum number of conductors required for I/O serial data operations is which of the following?

A

4

170
Q

During asynchronous data exchange, a frame of data must include which of the following bits at a minimum?

A
  1. One start bit 2. One stop bit 3. Seven character bits
171
Q

During asynchronous data exchange, the maximum number of bits for one frame of data is which of the following?

A

11

172
Q

Compared to asynchronous data exchange, synchronous data exchange has which of the following advantages?

A

Faster speed

173
Q

The generally accepted standard connector for implementing an RS-232 connection has what total number of pins?

A

25

174
Q

The protective ground, pin 1 of the RS-232 interface connector in the DTE/DCE mode should always be connected to the shielded cable shield at both ends.

A

false just one side

175
Q

Pin 7 of the RS-232 interface connector in the DTE/DCE mode should always be connected at both ends for which of the following reasons?

A

To complete the path for control signals only

176
Q

Pin 3 of the RS-232 interface connector in the DTE/DCE mode is used for which of the following purposes?

A

To receive data signals

177
Q

Pins 4, 5, 6, and 20 are used in the DTE/DCE mode using the RS-232 interface connector for which of the following purposes?

A

To establish the communications link (pin 4-send)(pin 5 clear to send)(pin-6 data ready set)(pin 20 data terminal reads)

178
Q

In parallel data operations, the IOA or line driver/receiver provides the means to accomplish which of the following tasks?

A
  1. Drive or detect the digital signals
179
Q

In parallel data operations, one I/O channel could consist of which of the following devices?

A
  1. Two cables, one for input and one for output or a single cable to handle both input and output 2. Eight or more data lines 3. A number of control lines
180
Q

The data strobe in single parallel cable operations is used for which of the following purposes?

A

Signals the external device that data is ready to be read from the data lines

181
Q

In single parallel cable operations, a busy signal would be sent under which of the following conditions?

A

The external equipment input buffer is full

182
Q

In two cable parallel operations, an external interrupt enable can be described as which of the following?

A

A signal sent from the computer on the input line

183
Q

When an external interrupt code is placed on the data lines, it is accompanied by which of the following signals?

A
  1. An external interrupt request
184
Q

In a two cable sequence of events for input data, the first event will be which of the following?

A

The external equipment places a word of data on the ID lines

185
Q

In the two cable sequence of events for input data, the computer has sampled the data on the ID lines. Which of the following events must occur before the computer will accept more data?

A
  1. The IDR must be cleared
186
Q

During a normal external function sequence of events, the computer places an EF code word on the OD lines. The next event to take place is which of the following?

A
  1. The EFR line is set External Fuction Ready
187
Q

During forced external functions, the computer does not require which of the following signals?

A

EFR External Fuction Ready

188
Q

During the external interrupt sequence of events, what is the first event that must occur before a computer will accept an external interrupt?

A

The EIE line is set

189
Q

All computers used by the Navy will have EIE lines.

A

false

190
Q

In intercomputer I/O operations when parallel channels are used, the input and output cables will have which of the following characteristics?

A

The input and output cables will be identical

191
Q

During intercomputer I/O operations, command words include which of the following data?

A

External functions, forced external functions, and external function buffer words

192
Q

During intercomputer I/O operations, command word functions are identified by use of which of the following techniques?

A
  1. Additional interface signals
193
Q

For an intercomputer command word buffered transfer, the receiving computer is ready to accept an external function command word. This is signaled by which of the following means?

A

The external interrupt enable line is set

194
Q

During an intercomputer command word buffered transfer, before putting the EF code on the data lines, the transmitting computer recognizes which of the following signals?

A

EFR External Function Ready

195
Q

In intercomputer I/O operations, all command words specified by the receiving computer’s EF buffer control words will be transferred one command word at a time.

A

true

196
Q

Before the intercomputer data transfer sequence of events can begin, which of the following events must have occurred on the same channel?

A
  1. An OD buffer must have been established on the transmitting computer 2. An ID buffer must have been established on the receiving computer
197
Q

In intercomputer data transfers, the data word is held on the OD lines until the receiving computer performs which of the following tasks?

A
  1. Sets the resume line
198
Q

In intercomputer data transfer, the receiving computer recognizes the ready line of the transmitting computer as what line?

A
  1. The IDR line
199
Q

In intercomputer data transfer, the transmitting computer recognizes the IDA line of the receiving computer as what line?

A

The resume line

200
Q

In intercomputer data transfer, after one data word has been transferred and before the next data word is placed on the data OD lines, which of the following events occurs?

A
  1. The receiving computer sets the IDA line 2. The transmitting computer clears the ready line

2015 (12 decks)

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