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Exam 1 Pharm II > Estrogens > Flashcards

Estrogens Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of estrogens?

A

Development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues.

Regulation in CNS (temperature, mood)

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2
Q

Progesterone functions to

A

Maintain female reproductive tissues

Maintain pregnancy

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3
Q

What is 17b-estradiol?

A

Most potent estrogen

Produced in ovaries and placenta during pregnancy

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4
Q

Estrogen and progesterone are produced by the ________cells in the corpus luteum

A

Granulosa

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5
Q

In the early follicular phase, _________ suppresses FSH production

A

Estrogen

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6
Q

Late in the follicular phase, _______and ________ Stimulate the surge of LH and FSH

A

Estrogen

Progesterone

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7
Q

The corpus luteum produces_______

A

Estrogen and Progesterone

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8
Q

hCG acts like _____ to stimulate the corpus luteum to produce__________ during the first trimester.

A

LH

Progesterone

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9
Q

What is the precursor for estrogen synthesis?

A

DHEA==> Androstenedione=====(Via 17b-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase)====>Testosterone===(Aromatase)===>17B-Estradiol

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10
Q

Estrone and estriol are synthesized in the______ and ______

A

Liver and peripheral tissues

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11
Q

17B-Estradiol is synthesized _________

A

In the Ovaries mostly

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12
Q

How are estrogens metabolized?

A

In the liver and excreted via bile

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13
Q

Main effects of estrogens?

A

Osteoporosis
Increased blood coagulation
Mood changes
Growth of axillary and pubic hair
Stromal development and ductal growth in the breast
Development of endometrial lining during menstrual cycles
Prolonged exposure leads to hyperplasia of the endometrium and abnormal bleeding.

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14
Q

Clinical uses of estrogens include:

A

Postmenopausal hormone therapy
Osteoporosis
Hormonal contraception

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15
Q

What are the adverse effects of Estrogen use?

A 
Uterine bleeding
Endometrial carcinoma
Breast cancer
Thromboembolism
Weight gain
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16
Q

Name 3 17a-Alkylated estrogens

A

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestanol
Quinestrol
17a-alkylation increases halflife and oral bioavailability

17
Q

Esterification of estrogens__________

A

Decreases solubility and slows absorption

18
Q

Give 2 examples of estrogenic esters

A

Estradiol valerate

Estradiol cypionate

19
Q

Give two examples of conjugated estrogens

A

Estrone Sulfate

Equilin Sulfate

20
Q

Name two Non-Steroidal estrogens

A

Diethyl stilbestrol

Chlorotrianisene

21
Q

Diethyl Stilbestrol is used for_______

A

Prevent miscarriage (1940-1970)
Used to treat advanced prostate cancer
(Increased risk of vaginal adenocarcinoma)

22
Q

Chlorotrianisene is used for_______

A

Postpartum breast engorgement
Menopause symptoms
Prostate cancer

23
Q

How do Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) work?

A

Partial estrogen agonists- Block action of stronger estrogens

24
Q

Tamoxifen is a ________and used in the treatment of ______

A

SERM
Breast cancer also prevents breast cancer in high risk patients.
Prevents osteoporosis

25
Q

Tamoxifen is a _____drug

A

Pro

26
Q

Toremifene

A

Very similar structure and function to Tamoxifen

27
Q

Raloxifene and Badoxifen

A

Are SERMs used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Decrease LDL levels
Decreases breast cancer risk
Stimulates endometrial cells.

28
Q

Clomiphene works by increasing________and _______ secretion by inhibiting __________ negative feedback

A

FSH
LH
Estradiol

29
Q

Clomiphene (SERM) is used for________?

A

Stimulating Ovulation in women with Oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea and ovulary dysfunction (from polycystic ovary syndrome)

30
Q

Fluvestrant is a__________

A

Selective estrogen receptor downregulator (SERD). Pure estrogen receptor antagonist. Used in patients resistant to Tamoxifen

31
Q

Aromatase inhibitors work by________

A

Blocking biosynthesis of estrogens. They are effective in patients whose breast cancer is resistant to Tamoxifen.

32
Q

Name 3 Aromatase inhibitors

A

Anast(rozole)
Let(rozole)
Exemestane

Exam 1 Pharm II (8 decks)

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