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Exam 1 Pharm II > Corticosteroids > Flashcards

Corticosteroids Flashcards

1
Q

What do glucocorticoids do?

A

Stress hormones
Increase circulating glucose
Anti-inflammatory effects

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2
Q

What do mineral corticoids do?

A

Na+ retension
Increase blood volume
Increase blood pressure

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3
Q

Aldosterone is an example of a _______ while cortisol is an example of a___________

A

Mineralcorticoid

Glucocorticoid

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4
Q

________ stimulates the production of aldosterone from in the adrenal glands

A

Angiotensin II

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5
Q

Steroid hormones are synthesized from________ via_______

A

Cholesterol

CYP11AI

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6
Q

Corticoid-binding globulin (transcortin) binds_______

A

Glucocorticoids and Progesterone

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7
Q

Sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG) binds_______

A

Testosterone and estradiol

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8
Q

_______Is excreted on bile.

A

Estrogen

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9
Q

Progesterone, androgen and glucocorticoids are excreted via______

A

Urine

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10
Q

Glucocorticoids bind__________

A

Glucocorticoid Responsive Elements (GRE) and regulate transcription of genes.

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11
Q

____________Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis

A

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)

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12
Q

Lipocortin suppresses ________

A

Phospholipase A2

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13
Q

How do glucocorticoids perform immunosuppression?

A

They bind thier receptors which together bing NFkB preventing NFkB from transcribing inflammatory aagents.

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14
Q

What is addison’s disease?

A

Hypoadrenalism caused by decreased secretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex

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15
Q

What can cause Addison’s disease?

A

Destruction of adrenal cortex by TB

Decreased secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary.

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16
Q

What are the symptoms of Addison’s disease?

A

Extreme weakness.
Low blood pressure
Hyperpigmentation
Mental depression

17
Q

What is cushing’s disease?

A

Hyperadrenalism (Increased ACTH production by the adrenal cortex)

18
Q

What are the symptoms of Cushing’s disease?

A

Increased protein catabolism
Osteoporosis
Opportunistic infections
Longterm use of systemic glucocorticoids can lead to Cushing’s symptoms

19
Q

Ketokonazole is an antigungal that inhibits P450scc, __________ and __________

A

17a-hydroxylase

11B-hydroxylase

20
Q

Ketokonazole can be used to treat_________

A

Hyperglucocorticoid state (Cushing’s syndrome)

21
Q

Cortisol (hydrocotisone) is _______ while cortisone is_____

A

Active

Inactive

22
Q

Name two short acting Corticosteroids (8-12hrs)

A

Hydrocortisone

Cortisone

23
Q

Name 4 intermediate acting systemic corticosteroids (12-36hrs)

A

Prednisone
Prednisolone
Methylprednisolone
Triamcinolone

24
Q

Name two long acting systemic corticosteroids

A

Dexamethasone

Betamethasone

25
Q

Which corticosteroid has the most mineralocorticoid activity?

A

Fludrocortisone (Leads to Na+ retention and edema)

has a 9a-F

26
Q

21 ester acetates on glucocorticoid________lipophilicity

A

Increase

27
Q

Succinate replacement at the 21 position causes _______

A

Slow hydrolysis

28
Q

Phosphate substitution at the 21 position of glucocorticoids causes___________

A

Increased solubility and rapid hydrolysis

29
Q

Name tro topical glucocorticoids

A 
Triamcinolone acetonide (High potency)
Betamethasone Valerate (medium potency)
30
Q

Substitution of the 21-hydroxyl group for a Chlorine greatly enhances topical____________

A

Anti-inflammatory activity.

31
Q

Name 3 anti-inflammatory topical corticosteroids

A 
Clobetasol propionate (very high potency)
Halobetasol proprionate (Very high potency)
Halcinonide (High potency)
32
Q

Name two topical corticostetroids

A

Fluticasone propionate

Mometasone furoate

33
Q

Fluticasone propionate and mometasone furoate have ad _________lipophilicity and _________binding affinity but________solubility

A

High
Highest
Poor

34
Q

Name 6 inhaled glucocorticoids

A 
Triamcinolone acetonide
Beclomethasone dipropionate
Flunisolide
Budesonide
Mometasone Furoate
Fluticasone Propionate
35
Q

Name a few adverse effects of corticoids

A 
Sodium and H2O retention
Hypertension
Steroid myopathy
Reduced long bone growth
Osteoporosis
Cushing's-like effects
Hyperglycemia
Immuosupression
Peptic ulcer
CNS (depression, euphoria, depression)
Cataracts
Addisonian Crisis (negative feed back on hypthalamus)

Exam 1 Pharm II (8 decks)

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