estimation and null hypothesis

Question 1

describe the steps involved in accepting/rejecting a null hypothesis

Answer 1

Set null hypothesis H0 and study hypothesis H1
Carry out significance test
Obtain test statistic
Compare test statistic to hypothesised critical value
Obtain P-value
Make a decision

Question 2

what is a test statistic and why is it used

Answer 2

The test statistic is used to help calculate the p-value of your results, helping to decide whether to reject your null hypothesis

Question 3

how do you calculate a test statistic

Answer 3

The test statistic = (observed value – hypothesised value)

Standard error of the hypothesised value

Question 4

what is a P value

Answer 4

P is the probability of obtaining the test statistic from the data, assuming that the null hypothesis is true. It is the probability of committing a false positive error,

Question 5

what is ‘power of a study’

Answer 5

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually false is called the power of the study. It is the probability of concluding there is a difference when a difference truly exists.