Estimation Flashcards
What is a detailed estimate?
Preparation of estimate by considering all items of work, working out quantity, and determining the cost of each item. 3-5% of total estimated cost is allowed for contingencies.
A detailed estimate is essential for accurate budgeting and project planning.
What is an approximate estimate?
Required for administrative approval of project. 5-10% of total estimated cost is allowed for contingencies.
This type of estimate is generally less precise and is used in the early stages of project planning.
What is the plinth area method?
Total cost = plinth area x rate per area.
This method provides a quick estimate based on the total floor area of a building.
What is the cubical content method?
Total cost = volume of building x rate per volume.
This method is useful for estimating costs based on the overall volume of the structure.
What is the formula for the Unit base method?
Total cost = Total no. of unit x rate per unit
In the context of schools and colleges, how is a student considered in the Unit base method?
A student is considered as a single unit
In hospitals, what is considered as a single unit in the Unit base method?
A bed is considered as a single unit
What is the Approximate quantity method?
Total length of wall is calculated in running metres and multiplied by the rate per metre length of wall
Is the Approximate quantity method commonly used?
Rarely used
What is the basis for preparing the approximate method?
Practical knowledge and the cost of similar works
What is a revised estimate?
A detailed estimate prepared under specific circumstances
Circumstances include material deviation, exceeding the original sanctioned estimate by 5%, or exceeding expenditure by 10% compared to administrative sanction.
What must accompany a revised estimate?
Comparative statement
This statement usually compares the revised estimate with the original estimate.
What is a supplementary estimate?
A detailed estimate prepared for additional works required
This is also known as a fresh detailed estimate for additional work.
When is a revised estimate prepared?
When there is a material deviation or when certain financial thresholds are exceeded
These thresholds include exceeding the original sanctioned estimate by 5% or exceeding expenditure by 10%.
Fill in the blank: A revised estimate is prepared when the original sanctioned estimate is exceeded by _______.
5%
Fill in the blank: A revised estimate is prepared when expenditure exceeds _______ than administrative sanction.
10%
What is Lead in the context of earthwork?
Average horizontal distance between site of earth work and disposal area.
What is Lift in earthwork?
Average vertical distance between level of excavation and to the place of spreading or heaping.
What is the initial lead (normal lead) value used in analysis of rates?
50 m
What is the lift value taken in analysis of rates?
1.5 m
If lead is greater than 50 m or lift is greater than 1.5 m, what must be included in the estimate?
A provision for additional amount.
Fill in the blank: Average horizontal distance between site of earth work and disposal area is known as _______.
[Lead]
Fill in the blank: Average vertical distance between level of excavation and to the place of spreading or heaping is known as _______.
[Lift]
What is the capacity of skilled labor for doing work in the form of quantity per day called?
Task work or output
This refers to the measurable output of skilled workers in construction and related fields.
What is the excavation capacity in ordinary soil per labor?
3 m³ per labor
This indicates the volume of earth that a skilled laborer can excavate in a day.
What is the brick work capacity in lime/cement for foundation/plinth per mason?
1.25 m² per mason
This refers to the area of brickwork a mason can complete in a day for foundational work.
What is the brick work capacity in lime/cement for the superstructure per mason?
1 m² per mason
This indicates the area of brickwork for the superstructure a mason can complete in a day.
What is the brick work capacity for arches per mason?
0.55 m² per mason
This reflects the specific area of brickwork involved in constructing arches.
What is the capacity for constructing a half brick wall per mason?
5 m² per mason
This indicates the area of half brick wall construction a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for coursed rubble masonry in lime or cement per mason?
0.8 m² per mason
This refers to the area of coursed rubble masonry a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for random rubble masonry in lime or cement per mason?
1 m² per mason
This indicates the area of random rubble masonry a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for ashlars or stone arch work per mason?
0.4 m² per mason
This refers to the area of stone arch construction a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for RCC work per mason?
3 m³ per mason
This indicates the volume of reinforced cement concrete work a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for lime concrete in the foundation per mason?
6 m² per mason
This refers to the area of lime concrete work that can be done in a day.
What is the plastering capacity (12 mm) with cement per mason?
10 m² per mason
This indicates the area of plastering that a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for distempering per painter?
200 m² per painter
This reflects the area a painter can cover with distemper in a day.
What is the capacity for one coat of whitewashing/color washing per painter?
200 m² per painter
This indicates the area a painter can cover with one coat of whitewashing or color washing.
What is the capacity for three coats of whitewashing/color washing per painter?
70 m² per painter
This reflects the area a painter can cover with three coats of whitewashing or color washing.
What is the capacity for door painting per mason?
8 m² per mason
This indicates the area of door painting a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for window painting or varnishing per mason?
8 m² per mason
This refers to the area of window painting or varnishing a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for flooring (2.5 cm or 1 inch C.C floor) per mason?
7.5 m² per mason
This indicates the area of flooring a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for flagstone work per mason?
8 m² per mason
This reflects the area of flagstone work a mason can complete in a day.
What is the capacity for terrazzo (6 mm thick mosaic) work per mason?
5 m² per mason
This indicates the area of terrazzo work a mason can complete in a day.
What is the sawing capacity for hard wood per pair of sawers?
4 m² per pair of sawers
This reflects the area of hard wood that can be sawn by a pair of sawers in a day.
What is the sawing capacity for soft wood per pair of sawers?
6 m² per pair of sawers
This indicates the area of soft wood that can be sawn by a pair of sawers in a day.
