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Chemistry > Esters > Flashcards

Esters Flashcards

1
Q

What is an esterification reaction?

A

Alcohols and Carboxylic acids reacting together to make esters

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2
Q

What is the functional group of esters?

A

-COO-

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3
Q

Are esters compounds?

A

Yes

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4
Q

What two things are esters used in?

A

Food Flavourings and Perfumes

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5
Q

How is ethyl ethanoate formed?

A

Ethanoic acid will react with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid (catalyst) to form the ester ethyl ethanoate

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6
Q

What features do esters have?

A

They are sweet smelling oily liquids

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7
Q

What else is produced in an esterification reaction?

A

A molecule of water (H2O)

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8
Q

What are esters made from?

A

Carboxylic acids reacting with an Alcohol

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9
Q

What does an ester’s name always end with?

A

-anoate

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10
Q

When naming an ester, what always takes the first part of the name?

A

The alcohol

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11
Q

When naming an ester, what always takes the second part of the name?

A

The carboxylic acid

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12
Q

Carboxylic acid + Alcohol ——>?

A

Ester + Water

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13
Q

What is the water molecule made of during an esterification reaction?

A

The H+ ion from the carboxylic acid AND the OH- ion from the alcohol

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14
Q

When drawing the displayed formula of an ester, what element joins the carboxylic acid and the alcohol?

A

An oxygen ion (O) from the end of the carboxylic acid which bonds with the end carbon (C) ion in the alcohol

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15
Q

What is the structural formula of ethyl ethanoate?

A

CH3CO2CH2CH3

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16
Q

Where is the double bond in an ester?

A

In the carboxylic acid between a carbon (C) and oxygen (O) atom

17
Q

What is the purpose of an acid catalyst in an esterification reaction?

A

To speed up the reaction (usually use concentrated sulfuric acid)

18
Q

What other term can be used to refer to the -COO- group in esters?

A

Ester link

19
Q

What is the only byproduct of an esterification reaction?

A

The water molecule (H2O)

20
Q

What is the structural formula of ethanoic acid?

A

CH3COOH

21
Q

What is the structural formula of ethanol?

A

CH3CH2OH

22
Q

Can you draw the displayed formula for ethyl ethanoate?

A

DRAW IT RIGHT

23
Q

What is the name of the ester that is formed by ethanol and propanoic acid?

A

Ethyl propanoate

24
Q

What is the name of the ester that is formed by butanol and methanoic acid?

A

Butyl methanoate

25
Q

What is the name of the ester that is formed by pentanol and ethanoic acid?

A

Pentyl ethanoate

26
Q

What other reaction can an esterification reaction be described as?

A

The reaction can also be described as a condensation reaction because water is made when two molecules join together

27
Q

What is ethyl ethanoate?

A

An ester

28
Q

What kind of compounds are esters?

A

They are volatile compounds with distinctive smell and are used as food flavourings and in perfumes

29
Q

What kind of smell are esters often described as having?

A

Esters are often described as having a sweet, fruity smell (they typically smell of bananas, raspberries, pears or other fruit because esters occur in all these natural products)

30
Q

How would you prepare a small sample of ethyl ethanoate?

A

METHOD:
-obtain a test tube and add 6 drops of sulfuric acid to it

-add 10 drops of ethanol to the same test tube

-carefully add 10 drops of glacial ethanoic acid to the same test tube

-gently warm the test tube in a water bath for a few minutes (ETHANOL IS FLAMMABLE SO A BUNSEN BURNER CANNOT BE USED)

-obtain a 100cm3 beaker and measure approximately 25cm3 of sodium carbonate solution and pour into the beaker (to remove acidic impurities)

-tip the contents of the test tube into the beaker, swirl gently and smell carefully by wafting fumes towards your nose from a distance of about 20cm

Chemistry (7 decks)

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