Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Germany > Establishment of Weimar Republic > Flashcards

Establishment of Weimar Republic Flashcards

Impact of war, political crisis Oct- Nov 1918

1
Q

When were the October reforms?

A

1918

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What were the Oct reforms?

A

Chancellor was to be responsible for the Reichstag + established new gov on the majority of parties.
Armed forces put under control of civil government.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What were the Kaiser’s aims for the Oct reforms?

A

Save Germany’s humiliation and the Kaiser’s rule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who did the Kaiser appoint as Chancellor in 1918?

A

Prince Max of Baden.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who was the Kaiser?

A

Wilhelm II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who did Prince Max write to on the 3rd Oct 1918? Why?

A

President Wilson, asking for an armistice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What did Woodrow Wilson demand for there to be peace?

A
  • Evacuation of all occupied territory.
  • An end to submarine welfare.
  • Democratise Germany’s political system.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who resigned over the peace note?

A

General Ludendorff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where did General Ludendorff flee to after his resignation?

A

Sweden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why did General Ludendorff resign?

A

The Oct reforms failed to meet his objectives.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did the request for an armistice impact the Germans?

A

Blew their morale.
Soldiers lost respect for their officers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why did the armistice blow the public’s morale?

A

1st occasion they learned the truth about their military situation. It undermined their respect for the Kaiser and his military.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What did the request of the armistice lead to in November 1918?

A

The November revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happened on the 3rd Nov?

A

Soldiers in Kiel mutinied against their officers and took control of the base.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What did the majority of the public want by 6th Nov?

A

The Kaiser to abdicate and wanted a democratic republic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When was a Republic declared in Bavaria?

A

8th November 1918

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happened on the 9th Nov? Why?

A

SPD called Berlin workers for a strike to force the Kaiser out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How did the gov respond to the workers strikes on the 9th Nov?

A

Prince Max lied, releasing a press statement that the Kaiser abdicated and then resigned.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who was made chancellor on 9th Nov 1918?

A

Friedrich Ebert- leader of the SPD.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Who declared Germany a republic?

A

Phillip Scheidemann

22
Q

What was the Kaiser forced to do after Germany was announced a republic?

A

Abdicate.

23
Q

What happened on the 11th Nov?

A

Ebert signed armistice.

24
Q

What was the pact called between Ebert and General Groener?

A

The Ebert- Groener Pact.

25
Q

Ebert- Groener Pact

A

Ensured that General Groener + army leadership would support the gov. IF… Ebert resisted further revolution and uphold existing structure of the army.

26
Q

Why did Ebert want the pact with Groener?

A

His gov relied on the army but they were aristocratic + loyal to the Kaiser.

27
Q

Socialist groups in 1918?

A
  • The social democratic party (SPD)
  • Spartacist League (later KPD)
  • USPD
28
Q

Spartacist League 1918

A

Communist, supporters were workers.
(5,000 members)

29
Q

Leaders of Spartacists League

A

Karl Liebkneckt and Rosa Luxemburg.

30
Q

The Social Democratic Party (SPD) 1918

A

Communist.
Largest party in Reichstag in 1918 since 1912, supporters were working class.
(1 million members)

31
Q

Leaders of SPD

A

Friedrich Ebert and Phillip Scheidemann.

32
Q

USPD 1918

A

300,000 members and grew in strength during 1918.

33
Q

Leader of USPD

A

Hugo Hasse

34
Q

What happened on the 23rd- 24th Dec 1918?

A

Sailors’ revolt against gov in Berlin- put down by army. In protest 3 USPD members resigned.

35
Q

When was the Spartacist Uprising?

A

6th January

36
Q

Non- socialist political parties 1919?

A
  • Centre Party
  • German democratic party (DDP)
  • German Nation People’s Party (DNVP)
  • German people’s party (DVP)
37
Q

Center Party

A
  • Protect Catholicism.
  • Supporters from Bavaria + Rhineland.
  • Supported democratic consitution.
38
Q

German democratic party (DDP)

A

Left leaning liberals, mostly middle class, supported democratic constitution.

39
Q

German Nation People’s Party (DNVP)

A

Nationalist, support from landowners and small businesses.
Rejected democratic constitution.

40
Q

German people’s party (DVP)

A

Right leaning liberals, upper-middle class + firms interests.
Opposed democracy but willing to participate.

41
Q

What parties made Ebert + Scheidemann’s new gov formed by in 1919?

A

SPD in coalition with Centre + German Democratic parties.

42
Q

What was the Presidential decree (article 48)?

A

Gave president power to rule by decree in national emergencies- they didn’t have to go through the Riechstag.

43
Q

How many time did Ebert use article 48?

A

136

44
Q

What was the problem with article 48?

A

It was exploited by some as anything could be considered an emergency.

45
Q

5 strengths of the Weimar republic in 1919

A
  • full democracy
    -referendums could be called for
  • proportional representation
  • set out rights of individuals
  • women had more rights
46
Q

What did proportional representation allow?

A

smaller parties to win seats in the Reichstag and influence gov decisions.

47
Q

When could referendums happen?

A

If the president, reichstrat or 1/10 of electorates call for one.

48
Q

Examples of some rights the Weimar gov set out in 1919

A
  • censorship is forbidden
  • gave illegitimate children the same rights as legitimate ones.
49
Q

2 weaknesses of the Weimar republic

A
  • Proliferation of smaller parties.
  • Coalition governments.
50
Q

Why was the proliferation of smaller parties a weakness to the Weimar republic?

A

Smaller parties could gain representation in Reichstag- enabled them (those anti-republican) to exploit the system to gain publicity.

51
Q

Why were coalition governments a weakness to the Weimar republic?

A

Coalitions were short lived as different parties had different views on how Germany’s gov should run.

52
Q

How many electoral districts was Germany divided into?

A

35

Germany (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions