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Mao’s China > Establishment And Consolidation > Flashcards

Establishment And Consolidation Flashcards

1
Q

When was the PRC formed ?

A

1st October 1949
After they defeated the nationalist in the civil war

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2
Q

What did Mao say about maintaining political control

A

“ all political power grows from the barrel of a gun “

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3
Q

What and when was the land reform ?

A

1949
Peasants were given the right to claim land from the land owners
Also 1 million land owners were killed
Female peasants after 1950 were entitled to land regardless of a male partner
Have a lot of peasant popularity for Mao

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4
Q

Why was peasant polarity so important for Maos establishment and consolidation ?

A

They took up the majority of the Chinese population

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5
Q

When and what was the 3 antis ?

A

1951
Was a mass campaign that aimed to remove opponents of the state and prevent corruption within the party
( nobody had more power than Mao)

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6
Q

When and what was the 5 antis ?

A

1952
Bourgeois and private businesses were targeted to tackle a fair social system with no tax evasion
Part of mobilising the masses and liquidating the bourgeois and the peasants classes

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7
Q

What was a dangan ?

A

A profile of each citizen which graded each person based on their allegiance to Mao and the CCP

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8
Q

How did the dangan help with establishment and consolidation ?

A

Meant Mao could watch out for potential political enemies and could maintain the level of trust within society after he had suspicions of nationalist amongst the CCP

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9
Q

What was a Danwei ?

A

It was a work permit that could only be accesss if you had a good dangan
And it was illegal to be homeless and jobless so it was essential

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10
Q

How did Mao use the danwei system to help with his establishment and consolidation ?

A

Meant that he could eliminate nationalist from society
As being homeless was illegal and withought a job you would be poor meaningbyiud be arrested

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11
Q

What was a hukou ?

A

It was a household registration which was given based on your job and allegiance to Mao and was needed to buy a house

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12
Q

How did Mai use the hukou system to help with establishment and consolidation ?

A

By making it illegal to be homeless nationalist would be arrested and members of society such as snakeheads or criminals would be off the streets

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13
Q

What and when was the 100 flowers campaign ?

A

1957
The encouragement of intellectuals to speak out about he regime and why the economy wasn’t improving
( unknown whether this was a genuine attempt to receive feedback or to work out who in the sorry was right wing )

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14
Q

What did Mao launch as a result of the criticism of his regime ?

A

Anti rightist campaign
The purging of an estimated 700,000 intellectuals after speaking poorly on his regime and making him look bad

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15
Q

What did Mao call the lnterlectuals that had spoken out during the 100 flowers

A

“Poisonous weeds” amongst
“Fragrant flowers “

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16
Q

What were Maos two main ways of establishment and consolidation of control ?

A

Terror &
Popularity

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17
Q

Why did the land reform transform land ownership and rural economy ?

A

Peasants now worked for themselves rather than collective farms meaning they had better incentive to work

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18
Q

How and when did Mao win the civil war against the nationalists?

A

1945-49
They nationalist were ….
Outsuppled, outgunned and outnumbers 3:1 for every soldier
Mao was therefore more prepared through his organisation of the PRC

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19
Q

What was the prison system in which a lot of intellectuals weee sent ?

A

Lao Gais

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20
Q

Who was a military leader leader who served under Mao ?

A

General Peng

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21
Q

What political principle was the one party state based off of ?

A

Highly centralised and militarised ( democratic. )

22
Q

What year were all other political parties banned ?

A

1950

23
Q

What was the order in which Mao picked off his opponents ?

A
  1. Great terror
  2. 3&5 Antis
  3. 100 flowers
  4. Anti rightest
24
Q

How does historian cheng regard Mao’s 100 fliers campaign ?

A

“ devious plan “
“ Set a trap “
“Treachery “

25
Q

When was the Korean War ?

A

1950-53

26
Q

How did the war help Maos control over the CCP ?

A

By defeating the nationalists ( America )
Communism seemed to be superior and powerful

27
Q

What did the ‘resist America , aid Korea ‘ campaign do ?

A

Asked people to donate to support their country which created a sense of national pride and unity within China

28
Q

How old was the PRC when they won the Korean War ?

A

1 year old
A new republic was able to defeat 15 other countries including America made Mao look very heroic and brave

29
Q

How did Mao use the Korean War to eliminate rivals ?

A

Could accuse them of being nationalist spies and therefore could send them to a Lou gui or be killed

30
Q

How many PLA soldiers were involved in the Korean War and how many died ?

A

3 million soldiers
400,000 died

31
Q

How much money did chinas involvement in the Korean War cost ?

A

10 billion

32
Q

How accurate is it to say that the Chinese involvement in the Korean War was largely beneficial for Maos establishment of the CCP ?

A

Mao gained popularity
Was seen as brave and heroic
Probed he was a worthy ally of Stalin
Defeated America and 15 other counties after the PRC was only 1 year old

33
Q

What were the negative effects of Maos involvement in the Korean War ?

A

It was very risky as they had a critically struggling economy after civil war and seemed a stupid idea
The economy was already damaged and was further neglected straight after the civil war ended
Maos son was killed in the fighting

34
Q

What did Mao claim China had done after winning the Korean War ?

A

“ we have stood up “
“No longer the lame dog of Asia”was now a country to be feared !

35
Q

Who was in control of the PLA and who was the minister of defence ?

A

Marshal Peng

36
Q

How did the PLA help to rebuild chinas shattered inferstructure
After the civil war ?

A

Rebuilt….
Roads
Trains
Bridges
Helped reform society

37
Q

What were the 4 levels of political control ?

A

Mao
Pla
Politburo
Cppcc

38
Q

What does the cppcc stand for ?

A

Chinese,people’s,political,consultive, conference

39
Q

Who were the cppcc ?

A

The main body of control who included both communists and non communists who were in control in 1949

40
Q

What was democratic centralism ?

A

A new system which gave peasants local representatives to give them the idea they have more freedom in a democratic system

41
Q

When was the surprise counter revolutionaries campaign ?

A

1950

42
Q

What were the results of all the antis ?

A

Enhanced maos control and effectively prevented anyone from challenging him
Eliminated big business owners

43
Q

What did Mao call the 3 antis campaign ?

A

‘Big clean up ‘

44
Q

What were struggle meetings ?

A

When oppositions of the state weee public ally humiliated and forced to admitting their guilt

45
Q

Who were the “tiger beaters ?”

A

They gathered incriminating evidence against big business owners and torture them prior to struggle meeting
( part of antis movements )

46
Q

What happened after Mao had all the big business owners imprisoned?

A

Cadres were in charge of businesses and Mao had more control of economy

47
Q

How many people were out in the laogai in 1955 as a result of the 100 flowers and antis ?

A

1.3 million

48
Q

What and when was the sino soviet pact ?

A

1950
Established the essential support of Stalin and the ussr in a period of struggle after ww2 and the civil war

49
Q

What were some details of the sino soviet pact ?

A

£300 million loan
11,000 ussr experts were sent to China to help advice with Industrial development

50
Q

What did Mao use the money from the sino soviet pact

A

Iron production
Steel production
Electric power stations
Factory plant

Mao’s China (4 decks)

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