essentials

Question 1

collagen

Answer 1

protein in the fibers of skin, tendon, bone, cartilage, and all other connective tissue. made up of individual polypeptide molecules combined in triplets forming helical tropocollagen molecules that then associate to form collagen fibers.

Question 2

compression

Answer 2

mechanical force that increases external pressure on a body part to reduce swelling, improve circulation or modify scar tissue formation

Question 3

contraindications

Answer 3

when a treatment should not be applied

Question 4

cryotherapy

Answer 4

therapeutic use of cold

Question 5

diatherapy

Answer 5

shortwave or microwave electromagnetic energy to produce heat

Question 6

electrical stimulation (ES)

Answer 6

use of electrical current to induce muscle contraction or changes in sensation

Question 7

electromagnetic agents

Answer 7

apply energy to the patient in the form of electromagnetic radiation or electrical current

Question 8

guide to physical therapist practice 3.0

Answer 8

categorize patients according to preferred practice patterns the include typical finding and descriptive norms of types and ranges

Question 9

hydrotherapy

Answer 9

therapeutic use of water

Question 10

indication

Answer 10

condition under which a particular treatment should be applied

Question 11

inflammation

Answer 11

body’s first response to tissue damage, characterized by heat, redness, swelling, pain, and loss of function

Question 12

inflammation phase

Answer 12

1st phase of healing after tissue damage

Question 13

infrared (IR) radiation

Answer 13

electromagnetic radiation in the IR range that can be absorbed by matter, can increase temp

Question 14

iontophoresis

Answer 14

delivery of ions through the skin for therapeutic purposes using an electrical current

Question 15

laser

Answer 15

light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. laser light has properties of being monochromatic, coherent, and directional

Question 16

maturation phases

Answer 16

final phase of tissue healing scar tissue is modified into mature form

Question 17

mechanical agent

Answer 17

apply force to increase or decrease pressure on the body

Question 18

modality

Answer 18

physical agent

Question 19

muscle tone

Answer 19

underlying tension in a muscle that serves as a background for contraction

Question 20

nonthermal shortwave therapy (SWT)

Answer 20

intermittent shortwave radiation in which heat is not the mechanism of action

Question 21

pain

Answer 21

unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or threatened tissue damage or described in terms of such damage

Question 22

pathology

Answer 22

alteration of anatomy or physiology as a result of disease or injury

Question 23

phonophoresis

Answer 23

ultrasound with a topical drug to facilitate transdermal drug delivery

Question 24

photobiomodulation

Answer 24

light therapy with lasers, light emitting diodes, super-luminous diodes, or broadband light

Question 25

physical agents and physical modality

Answer 25

energy and materials applied to patients to assist in rehab

Question 26

precaution

Answer 26

treatment can be done with caution and limitations

Question 27

pulsed ultrasound

Answer 27

intermitted delivery of ultrasound during the treatment

Question 28

rehab

Answer 28

goal oriented intervention designed to maximize independence in individuals

Question 29

sound waves

Answer 29

alternation compression and rarefaction waves that move through a compressible medium

Question 30

thermal agents

Answer 30

increase or decrease tissue temperature

Question 31

thermotherapy

Answer 31

heat therapy

Question 32

traction

Answer 32

mechanical force applied to the body in a way that separates joint surfaces and elongates soft tissue

Question 33

ultrasound

Answer 33

sound frequency greater that 20,000 cycles per second that is used as a physical agents to produce thermal and non thermal effects

Question 34

ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Answer 34

wavelength less than 290 - 400 nm which lies between x-rays and visible light