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honors biology > Essential Question D Quiz > Flashcards

Essential Question D Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Marcomolecules

A

A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules

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2
Q

Polymerization

A

large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together

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3
Q

4 organic compounds

A

carbohydrate,lipids,protiens,necleic acid

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4
Q

what are carbohydrates made out of

A

carbon,hydrogen,oxygen

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5
Q

what are carbohydrates used for

A

energy and structure

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6
Q

what are starches

A

complex carbohydrates

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7
Q

Monosaccarides

A

single sugar molecules

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8
Q

what are monosaccrides made out of

A

glucose,frutose,galactose

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9
Q

Marcomolecules formed from monosaccrides are called

A

polysaccrides

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10
Q

animals store excess sugar as

A

glycogen

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11
Q

when is glycogen used

A

when there is not enough glucoes in the bloodstream

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12
Q

How do plants store excess sugar

A

plant starch

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13
Q

what is cellulose

A

polysaccrides consisting of glucose monomers that reinforce plant-cell walls

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14
Q

what are lipids made out of

A

carbon and hydrogen

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15
Q

common lipids

A

fats,oils,waxes

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16
Q

lipids are used for what

A

energy,natural steroids,cell membrane, and water proofing

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17
Q

how are lipids made

A

when three fatty acid molecules bond to one glycerol molecule

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18
Q

What is saturated

A

each carbon atom is joined to another carbon atom by a single bomd.

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19
Q

unsaturated

A

there is at leats one carbon double bond

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20
Q

poly unsaturated

A

two or more carbon double bond

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21
Q

what are necleic acids

A

polymers made of monomers called mucleotides

22
Q

what are nucleic acids made out of

A

carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,phosphorus

23
Q

nucleotides are made up of

A

5 carbon sugar,phosphate group,nitrogenous base

24
Q

what do necleic acids do

A

store and transmit genetic and hereditaru infromation

25
Q

2 kinds of nucleic acids

A

rna and dna

26
Q

what are protiens

A

amino acids

27
Q

what are protiens made out of

A

carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen

28
Q

how many different amino acids are there

A

20

29
Q

what do protiens do

A

form bones and muscles, regulate cell processes,transport substances,and help fight off diseases

30
Q

how many levesl of organization do protiens have

A

4
primary
secondary
tertiary
Quaternary

31
Q

what is then nucleus of an atom

A

proton neutrons

32
Q

what is a molecules

A

two atoms held by convalent bonds

33
Q

element

A

a pure substance made of only one kinds of atom

34
Q

compound

A

a substance that contains only one type of molecule

35
Q

what does glucose do

A

stores energy for short term use

36
Q

what does glycogen do

A

store energy for immidiate use

37
Q

what does fat do

A

store energy for longterm use

38
Q

what do complex carbo hydrates have

A

they are easier to metabolixe/break down

39
Q

cohesion

A

attraction between molecules of the same substance

40
Q

adhesion

A

attraction between molescules of different substances

41
Q

ph scale ranges from

A

0-14
most acidic 0
most basic 14
neteral 7

42
Q

polarity

A

a water molecule with stronger attraction for electrons

43
Q

how many amino acids can humans have

A

12

44
Q

how many amino acids can humans ingest

A

9

45
Q

how does Dna build protien

A

organizing amino acids

46
Q

primary structure of protien

A

sequence of amino acids

47
Q

secondary structutre of protien

A

initial folding

48
Q

tertiary structure of protien

A

3D shape/folds of protien

49
Q

what are enzymes

A

protiens that speed up chemical reactions

50
Q

what analogy cam be used to describe enzymes

A

lock and key

51
Q

2 things enzymes do

A

synthesoze or create new molecules,or splut up reactants

honors biology (2 decks)

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