Essential Question D Quiz Flashcards
Marcomolecules
A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules
Polymerization
large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together
4 organic compounds
carbohydrate,lipids,protiens,necleic acid
what are carbohydrates made out of
carbon,hydrogen,oxygen
what are carbohydrates used for
energy and structure
what are starches
complex carbohydrates
Monosaccarides
single sugar molecules
what are monosaccrides made out of
glucose,frutose,galactose
Marcomolecules formed from monosaccrides are called
polysaccrides
animals store excess sugar as
glycogen
when is glycogen used
when there is not enough glucoes in the bloodstream
How do plants store excess sugar
plant starch
what is cellulose
polysaccrides consisting of glucose monomers that reinforce plant-cell walls
what are lipids made out of
carbon and hydrogen
common lipids
fats,oils,waxes
lipids are used for what
energy,natural steroids,cell membrane, and water proofing
how are lipids made
when three fatty acid molecules bond to one glycerol molecule
What is saturated
each carbon atom is joined to another carbon atom by a single bomd.
unsaturated
there is at leats one carbon double bond
poly unsaturated
two or more carbon double bond
what are necleic acids
polymers made of monomers called mucleotides
what are nucleic acids made out of
carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,phosphorus
nucleotides are made up of
5 carbon sugar,phosphate group,nitrogenous base
what do necleic acids do
store and transmit genetic and hereditaru infromation
2 kinds of nucleic acids
rna and dna
what are protiens
amino acids
what are protiens made out of
carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen
how many different amino acids are there
20
what do protiens do
form bones and muscles, regulate cell processes,transport substances,and help fight off diseases
how many levesl of organization do protiens have
4
primary
secondary
tertiary
Quaternary
what is then nucleus of an atom
proton neutrons
what is a molecules
two atoms held by convalent bonds
element
a pure substance made of only one kinds of atom
compound
a substance that contains only one type of molecule
what does glucose do
stores energy for short term use
what does glycogen do
store energy for immidiate use
what does fat do
store energy for longterm use
what do complex carbo hydrates have
they are easier to metabolixe/break down
cohesion
attraction between molecules of the same substance
adhesion
attraction between molescules of different substances
ph scale ranges from
0-14
most acidic 0
most basic 14
neteral 7
polarity
a water molecule with stronger attraction for electrons
how many amino acids can humans have
12
how many amino acids can humans ingest
9
how does Dna build protien
organizing amino acids
primary structure of protien
sequence of amino acids
secondary structutre of protien
initial folding
tertiary structure of protien
3D shape/folds of protien
what are enzymes
protiens that speed up chemical reactions
what analogy cam be used to describe enzymes
lock and key
2 things enzymes do
synthesoze or create new molecules,or splut up reactants
