ESSENTIAL IMMEDIATE NEWBORN CARE Flashcards
1
Q
“the first 28days of life”
A
NEONATE
2
Q
Respiratory rate
A
30 - 60 cpm
3
Q
Body temperature
A
36.5 – 37.5 C
4
Q
Heart rate
A
120-160 bpm
5
Q
Weight
A
: 5.5- 7.5 lbs
6
Q
Length
A
46-54 cm
7
Q
Head Circumference
A
: 34-35 cm
8
Q
Chest Circumference
A
32- 33 cm
9
Q
Abdominal Circumference
A
32-33 cm
10
Q
- Maintenance of patent airway
- Provision of warmth
- Identification
- Nutrition
- Protection
A
IMMEDIATE CARE OF THE NEWBORN
11
Q
weight loss during the 1st few days of life.
A
> 5-10%
12
Q
BW is Recaptures within
A
10 days
13
Q
weight gain for the first 6 months of life
A
2 lbs/mo (6-8 oz/wk)
14
Q
NB experiences diuresis on the
A
2nd and 3rd day of life
15
Q
NB receives low calorie content milk(colostrum) on
A
1st 3 days of life.
16
Q
NB has ineffective sucking on the
A
1st few days of life
17
Q
Peripheral circulation is sluggish during
A
first 24 hrs
18
Q
NB clears the airway by
A
coughing and sneezing
19
Q
NB an obligate
A
nose breather
20
Q
Short periods of crying is
A
beneficial
21
Q
Bacteria in the GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
may be found after
A
5 hrs
22
Q
deficient in newborns
A
VIT K
23
Q
sticky, blackish green, odorless material from mucus, vernix, lanugo, hormones that accumulate during intrauterine life
A
Meconium
24
Q
Meconium is evident within the
A
1st 24 hrs
25
Urine should be present within
24 hrs after birth
26
pink and dusky due to uric acid in utero
Urine
27
light colored and odorless
Urine
28
at _______urine concentration and reabsorption is evident; URINE VOL/VOID
6 WEEKS; 15ml/VOID
29
urine concentration and reabsorption is evident UNTIL
2 months,
30
little natural immunity against
herpes simplex.
31
Hepatitis b vaccine is given on
1st 12 hrs of life
32
Appears to have difficulty locating the sound, but is able to hear
HEARING
33
They can see as soon as they are born and possibly have been seeing in utero for the last month of pregnancy
VISION
34
Blinking and pupillary reflex is present at birth,
VISION
35
newborn can focus on object not exceeding the midline at
9-12 inches
36
Well developed at birth, as evidenced by reaction to painful stimuli
TOUCH
37
Taste buds are developed and functioning before birth, as evidenced by swallowing sweet tasting milk more readily than the bitter taste of salt.
TASTE
38
SMELL is present as soon as nose is
clear of mucus and AF
39
In newborn, Initially, hands and feet have a
bluish color
40
Due to increased concentration of RBC anddecreased amount of subcutaneous fat.
RED COMPLEXION
41
due to peripheral circulation
CYANOSIS
42
First 24-48 hrs after birth. (upper and lower extremities)
ACROCYANOSIS
43
- Common
- Central cyanosis (cyanosis of the trunk), cause of concern due to decreased oxygenation.
- Result from temporary respiratory obstruction or an underlying disease state
MOTTLING
44
JAUNDICE: Yellowish discoloration of the skin due to serum bilirubin of more than
7mg/100ml
45
Collection of blood under periosteum of the skull bone
CEPHALHEMATOMA
46
White cream cheese-like substance that serves as a skin lubricant
VERNIX CASEOSA
47
Fine, downy hair that covers a newborn's shoulder, back, upper arm, forehead and ears
LANUGO
48
Skin peeling due to change of squamous cells
DESQUAMATION
49
White papule due to a plugged or unopened sebaceous gland found on the cheek, across the bridge of the nose, and chin
MILIA
50
- “Newborn rash”
- Lack of pattern, also known as "flea bite" rash
- Needs no treatment
ERYTHEMA TOXICUM
51
- result of anemia
- Excessive blood loss when cord was cut
- Short lived RBC
- Poor maternal nutrition: low iron store
PALLOR
52
- Redness on dependent side
- Due to immature circulation
HARLEQUIN SIGN
53
a) Vascular tumors of the skin
b) Strawberry hemangiomas
c) Cavernous Hemangiomas
d) Mongolian spot
Hemangiomas
54
- Collection of pigment cells that appear as slate gray patches across the sacrum or buttocks and possibly the arms and legs
- Disappears by school age without treatment
- Common in Asian, southern European
Mongolian spot
55
Circular or linear contusion matching the shape of the blade of forceps, disappears in 1-2 days
Forceps mark
56
Appears disproportionately large, about 1/4 of total NB length
HEAD
57
Forehead is large and prominent
HEAD
58
Full bodied hair, well-nourished NB
HEAD
59
Spaces or opening where the skull bones join
FONTANELLES
60
- Located at the junction of the 2 parietal lobes and frontal lobe, diamond in shape
ANTERIOR FONTANELLES
61
ANTERIOR FONTANELLES CLOSES AT
12 to 18 months
62
- Located at the junction of parietal bones and the occiput bone, triangular in shape
POSTERIOR FONTANELLES
63
POSTERIOIR FONTANELLES CLOSES AT
END OF 2ND MONTH
64
Separating lines of the skull, may override at birth because of the extreme pressure exerted by passage through the birth canal.
SUTURES
65
- Presenting head part that engages in the cervix molds to fit the cervix contour.
- Normal shape is restored after a few days to one week
MOLDING
66
Edema of the scalp at the presenting part
CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM
67
Disappear at 3rd day of life w/o treatment
CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM
68
Collection of blood between the periosteum of the skull bone and the bone itself caused by rupture of a periosteum capillary due to
pressure at birth
CEPHALHEMATOMA
69
CEPHALHEMATOMA Occurs ________, will subside by Itself after a few weeks
24 hrs after birth
70
NB cry tearlessly until
3 months
71
NB iris may be
gray or blue
72
Permanent EYE color may be assessed at
3 months
73
Eyes of the NB should be
clear, without redness and purulent discharge
74
eye ointment
Crede’s Prophylaxis
75
Pinna of NB tends to
bend easily
76
Absence of skin tags in
front of ear
77
Newborns are obligatory nose breathers until they are about
3 weeks
78
mouth should have
Intact palate, no harelip
79
small round glistening, well circumscribed cyst
Epstein pearl
80
Bowel sounds can be heard
after 1 hr
81
Time of meconium
ANOGENITAL AREA
82
for Males: check for
testes (undescended)
83
anus is Retracted to test for
PHIMOSIS (tight foreskin)
84
NB should have Small penis with
2 cm length
85
check the location of
URETHRA
86
for Females, check for
swollen vulva
87
Lumbar and sacral curves start to develop when child has learned how to
sit or stand up
88
Extremities should be
Proportional in length
Legs are normally bowed
89
Newborn act of 2004 – RA 9288
NEWBORN SCREENING
90
A procedure done to find out if your baby has a congenital metabolic disorder that may lead to mental retardation and even death if left untreated.
NEWBORN SCREENING
91
NEWBORN SCREENING is Ideally done 24 hours after
CHON intake
92
newborn screening uses the
heel prick method
93
If with positive results, this should be done
confirmatory testing
94
1. CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM (CH)
2. CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA (CAH)
3. GALACTOSEMIA (GAL)
4. PHENYLKETONURIA (PKU)
5. GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE
FIVE DISORDERS SCREENED OF PNSP
95
Most common, absence or lack of thyroid hormone which is essential to growth of the brain and the body
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM (CH)
96
Most rare but dangerous because it can cause death within 9-13 days, causes severe salt loss, dehydration, & abnormally high levels of male sex hormones
CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA (CAH)
97
- Unable to process galactose.
- Excessive galactose in the blood can cause liver damage, brain damage, & cataracts
GALACTOSEMIA (GAL)
98
Unable to process phenylalanine (building blocks of CHON); causes brain damage.
PHENYLKETONURIA (PKU)
99
- Deficiency (G6PD Def)
- Lacks the enzyme G6PD, prone to hemolytic anemia once exposed to oxidative substances found in drugs, food, & chemicals.
GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE
100
Done at 1st minute of life and then after 5 minutes of life.
APGAR SCORING
101
PALE/BLUE
0
102
ACROCYANOSIS (body is pink but extremities are blue)
1
103
totally pink
2
104
ABSENT pulse
0
105
<100 pulse
1
106
>100 pulse
2
107
NO RESPONSE (GRIMACE)
0
108
GRIMACE
1
109
VIGOROUS CRY
2
110
LIMP/FLACCID
0
111
SOME FLEXION
1
112
ACTIVE MOVEMENT
2
113
ABSENT RESPIRATION
0
114
SLOW & IRREGULAR
1
115
GOOD CRCY (RESPIRATION)
2
116
- good condition
- infant will do well in normal newborn nursery
7-10 APGAR SCORE
117
- moderately depressed
- infant needs specialized , intensive care
4-6 APGAR SCORE
118
- CPR is needed
- prognosis of newborn is grave
0-3 APGAR SCORE
119
- Birth or anytime at birth
- 1 Dose
- Given at earliest possible age protects the possibility of TB meningitis and other TB infections in which infants are prone.
BCG VAXX
120
0.5 ML, ID, R Deltoid Region of the Arm
BCG VAXX
121
- 6 WEEKS old
- 3 doses; 4 weeks/ 1 MONTH interval
- An early start reduces the chance of severe pertussis
DPT VAXX
122
- 0.5 ML, IM, upper outer portion of the thighs
DPT VAXX
123
- 6 WEEKS old
- 2-3 gtts/drops
- 3 doses; 4 weeks/ 1 MONTH interval
- The extent of protection of polio is increased if given earlier
- Keeps Ph Polio-free
OPV VAXX
124
- At birth
- 3 DOSES, 4 weeks/ 1 MONTH interval
- An early start reduces the chance of being infected and becoming a carrier
- Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer which are more likely to develop if infected early in life
HEPA B VAXX
125
HEPA-B interval from 1st dose to 2nd dose
6 WEEKS
126
HEPA-B interval from 2nd dose to 3rd dose
8 WEEKS/ 2 MONTHS
127
0.5 ML, IM, upper outer portion of the thighs
HEPA-B VAXX
128
- 9 MONTHS old
- 1 Dose
- At least 85% of this can be prevented by immunization at this age.
MEASLES
