ANTERPARTAL LAST PART Flashcards
can be felt by mother as quickening which begins approx. 18-20 weeks of pregnancy and peaks at 28-38 weeks.
FETAL MOVEMENT
Healthy fetus moves at least
10x a day
mother lying in left recumbent position after meal and record how many fetal movements she
feels over the next hour; normal is twice every 10 minute or average of 10-12 x/hr
SANDOVSKY METHOD
twice every 10 minute or average of 10-12 x/hr
SANDOVSKY METHOD NORMAL
“count to ten”; the mother records the time interval it takes for her to feel ten fetal
movements, usually occurs within 60 mins.
CARDIFF METHOD
can be heard and counted as early as the 10-11th week of pregnancy by the
use of ultrasonic doppler
FETAL HEART RATE
120-160 beats/minute
FTH NORMAL
Diagnose pregnancy as early as 6 wks. AOG
Confirm presence, size and location of placental and amniotic fluid
Establish presentation and position of the fetus
Predict maturity by measurement of the biparietal diameter
ULTRASOUND
recorded as early as 11th week of pregnancy
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY (ECG)
substance produced by the fetal liver that is present in amniotic fluid and maternal serum
MATERNAL SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN
increase in maternal serum AF indicates
-open spinal or abdominal defects
-chromosomal defects (down syndrome/trisomy 21)
analysis of three indicators (serum alpha fetoprotein, unconjugated estriol and HCG).
Together they increase the detection of trisomy 18 and 21.
TRIPLE SCREENING
biopsy and analysis of chorionic villi for chromosomal analysis done at 10 - 12 wks. AOG to determine the fetus’ chromosomal condition
CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING
They are performed between 15 and
22 weeks and considered positive if all markers are low
TRIPLE SCREENING
aspiration of AF from the pregnant uterus for examination at 14-16 wks. AOG;
– Informed consent, empty bladder, encourage expression of fears and concerns
AMNIOCENTESIS
test for fetal maturity
AMNIOCENTESIS
inspection of the AF through the cervix and membranes with an amnioscope to
detect meconium staining
AMNIOSCOPY
aspiration of blood from umbilical vein for analysis
PERCUTANEOUS UMBILICAL BLOOD SAMPLING (CORDOCENTESIS OR FUNICENTESIS)
visualizing the fetus by inspection through a fetoscope. Helps in assessing fetal
well-being
FETOSCOPY
combines 4-6 parameters into one assessment:
Amniotic fluid
Placental grading and fetal heart activity
Fetal breathing movements
Fetal movement and fetal tone
BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE
- LABORATORY TESTS
- HOME PREGNANCY TEST
3.Roll-Over Test (ROT)
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
detecting the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a hormone created
by the chorionic villi of the placenta, in the uterine or blood serum of the pregnant
women
LABORATORY TESTS
-accuracy: 95-98%
-test are performed by radioimmunoassay (RIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA), radio-receptor assay (RRA)
LABORATORY TESTS
-accuracy: 97%
-not accurate for those who take psychotic drugs like anti-anxiety agents, also
those with oral contraception.
-Oral contraception should be discontinued 5 days before the test
HOME PREGNANCY TEST
