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Clinical Chemistry Lecture MIDTERMS > Essential Amino Acids Functions > Flashcards

Essential Amino Acids Functions Flashcards

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1
Q
  • Complex amino acid found at the catalytics (Active) sites of proteins an enzymes
  • amine-containing side chain
A

Arginine

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2
Q

Role in
- cell division
- healing of wounds
- stimulation of protein synthesis
- release of hormones

A

Arginine

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3
Q

Req for generation of urea and synthesis of creatine

A

Arginine

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4
Q
  • Has imidazole side chain
  • basic amino acid
A

Histidine

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5
Q

Source of carbon atoms in the synthesis of purines

A

Histidine

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6
Q

Histamine stimulates the secretion of a digestive enzyme —

A

Gastrin

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7
Q
  • help grow and repair body tissues
  • maintain myelin sheaths
  • manufacture RBC and WBC
  • protect body from heavy metal toxicity
  • stimulate secretion of gastric
  • acts as catalytic site
A

Histidine

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8
Q
  • help maintain, repair, heal muscle tissues, skin, bones
  • hemoglobin formation
  • regulate blood glucose
  • maintain energy levels
A

Isoleucine

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9
Q

Amino acids that are included in the group of branched-chain amino acids

A

Valine
Isoleucine
Leucine

(VIL)

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10
Q

Second most common amino acid

A

Leucine

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11
Q

For optimal growth of infants and nitrogen balance of adults

A

Leucine

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12
Q

Function of LEUCINE in conjunction w isoleucine and valine

A
  • helps in healing of muscle tissue, skin, and bones
  • lowers blood glucose
  • aids in recovery from surgery
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13
Q
  • basic ph
  • has net positive charge
A

Lysine

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14
Q
  • Helps in absorption and conversation of calcium
  • formation of collagen
A

Lysine

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15
Q

Role in
- production of antibodies
- lowers triglyceride levels
- proper growth and bone development in children
- maintain proper nitrogen balance in adults

A

Lysine

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16
Q

Helps initiate translation of mRNA — first amino acid incorporated into the N-terminal position

A

Methionine

17
Q

Source of sulfur

A

Methionine
Cysteine

18
Q
  • assist in breakdown of fats
  • detoxify lead and other heavy metals
  • diminish muscle weakness
  • prevents brittle hair
A

Methionine

19
Q

Reacts with ATP to contribute to the synthesis of epinephrine and choline

A

Methionine

20
Q

Non polar amino acid - due to hydrophobic nature of benzyl side chain

A

Phenylalanine

21
Q
  • promotes alertness and vitality
  • elevates mood
  • decreases pain
  • aids in memory and learning
A

Phenylalanine

22
Q

Treat arthritis and depression

A

Phenylyalanine

23
Q
  • Used by brain to produce norepinephrine
  • interferes w production of serotonin
  • uses an active transport channel to cross blood-brain barrier
A

Phenylalanine

24
Q

-Part composition of aspartame - natural sweetener
- plays a key role in biosynthesis of other amino acids

A

Phenylalanine

25
Q

Alcohol-containing amino aid important in formation of protein, collagen, elastin, and tooth enamel

A

Threonine

26
Q

Important in production of neurotransmitters and health of nervous system

A

Threonine

27
Q
  • Helps maintain proper protein balance
  • aids liver function, metabolism, and assimilation
A

Threonine

28
Q

Formed from proteins during digestion by the action of proteolytic enzymes

A

Tryptophan

29
Q

Precursor for serotonin and melatonin

A

Tryptophan

30
Q
  • natural relaxant
  • helps alleviate insomnia
  • soothes anxiety
  • reduces depression
A

Tryptophan

31
Q
  • used in treatment of migraine headaches
  • aids in weight control by reducing apetite
  • helps control hyperactivity in children
A

Tryptophan

32
Q

Branched chain amino acid that is a constituent of fibrous protein

A

Valine

33
Q
  • needed for muscle metabolism and coordination
  • tissue repair
  • maintenance of nitrogen balance
A

Valine

34
Q

Used by muscle tissue as an energy source

A

Valine

35
Q

used in treatments for
-muscle, mental, and emotional problems
- anxiety
- liver and gallbladder disease

A

Valine

Clinical Chemistry Lecture MIDTERMS (5 decks)

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