Esophageal Disorders Flashcards
How do you diagnose Hiatal Hernia
Endoscopy
Barium Study
Best initial Treatment for Hiatal Hernias
Weight loss + PPI
Most accurate test for Achalasia
Manometry
-shows failure of LES to relax
What is seen on Barium Esophagram in Achalasia
Bird’s Beak
-Esophagus comes down to a point
Treatment of Achalasia
Mechanical Dilation of Esophagus
Surgical Sectioning or Myotomy
Botulinum Toxin Injection
Diagnosing Esophageal Cancer
Endoscopy
-biopsy to find cancer
CT/MRI
-Determine extent of spread
PET Scan
-Determine contents of anatomic lesions
Treatment of Esophageal Cancer
Surgical Resection
Most accurate test for Esophageal Spasms
Manometry
Treatments for Esophageal Spasm
Calcium Channel Blocker
-Alternative: Sildenafil then TCA
Nitrates
PPI
Most accurate Test of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Biopsy showing Eosinophils
Endoscopy on Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Multiple Concentric Rings
Best initial Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
PPI
Eliminate Allergenic Foods
If no response
-Swallow steroid inhalers
Treatment for Schatzki Rings
Pneumatic Dilation in endoscopic procedure
Treatment for Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
Iron Replacement
How to diagnose Zenker Diverticulum
Barium Study
How to Treat Zenker Diverticulum
Surgical Repair
How to diagnose Scleroderma
Manometry
-Decreased LES pressure
–Inability to close LES
Treatment for Scleroderma
PPI
How to treat Mallory-Weiss Tears
Most resolve spontaneously
-If severe/persistent bleeding
—-Epinephrine Injections
—–Electrocautery
