ESC Inspector

Question 1

3.02 Stone Construction Entrance

Answer 1

A stabilized stone pad with a filter fabric underliner located at points of vehicular ingress and egress on a construction site, used to reduce the amount of mud transported onto paved public roads by motor vehicles or runoff.

Question 2

3.03 Construction Road Stabilization

Answer 2

The temporary stabilization of access roads, subdivision roads, parking areas, and other on-site vehicle transportation routes with stone immediately after grading. To reduce erosion of temporary roadbeds by construction traffic durring wet weather. To reduce the erosion and subsequent regrading or permanent roadbeds between the time of initial grading and final stabilization.

Question 3

3.04 Straw Bale Barrier

Answer 3

A temporary sediment barrier consisting of a row of entrenched and anchored straw bales. To intercept and detain small amounts of sediment from disturbed areas of limited extent in order to prevent sediment from leaving the construction site. To decrease the velocity of sheet flows.

Question 4

3.05 Silt Fence

Answer 4

A temporary sediment barrier consisting of a synthetic fiber fabric stretched across and attached to supporting posts and entrenched. To intercept and detain small amounts of sediment from disturbed areas during construction operations in order to prevent sediment from leaving the site. To decrease the velocity of sheet flows and low-to-moderate level channel flows.

Question 5

3.06 Brush Barrier

Answer 5

A temporary sediment barrier constructed at the perimeter of a disturbed area from the residue materials available from clearing and grubbing the site. To intercept and retain sediment from disturbed areas of limited extent, preventing sediment from leaving the site.

Question 6

3.07 Storm Drain Inlet Protection

Answer 6

A sediment filter or an excavated impounding area around a storm drain drop inlet or curb inlet. To prevent sediment from entering storm drainage systems prior to permanent stabilization of the disturbed area.

Question 7

3.08 Culvert Inlet Protection

Answer 7

A sediment filter located at the inlet to storm sewer culverts. To prevent sediment from entering, accumulating in and being transferred by a culvert and associated drainage system prior to permanent stabilization of a disturbed project area. To provide erosion and drainage patterns change, causing original control measures to be ineffective or in need of removal.

Question 8

3.09 Temporary Diversion Dike

Answer 8

A temporary ridge of compacted soil constructed at the top or base of a sloping disturbed area. To divert storm runoff from upslope drainage areas away from unprotected disturbed areas and slopes to a stabilized outlet. To divert sediment-laden runoff from a disturbed area to a sediment-trapping facility such as a sediment trap or sediment basin.

Question 9

3.10 Temporary Fill Diversion

Answer 9

A channel with a supporting ridge of soil on the lower side, constructed along the top of an active earth fill. To divert storm runoff away from the unprotected slope of the fill to a stabilized outlet or sediment-trapping facility.

Question 10

3.11 Temporary Right-of-Way Diversion

Answer 10

A ridge of compacted soil or loose rock or gravel constructed across disturbed rights-of-way and similar sloping areas. To shorten the flow length within a sloping right-of-way, thereby reducing the erosion potential by diverting storm runoff to a stabilized outlet.

Question 11

3.12 Diversion

Answer 11

A channel constructed across a slope with a supporting earthen ridge on the lower side. To reduce slope length and to intercept and divert stormwater runoff to stabilized outlets at non-erosive vegetation.

Question 12

3.13 Temporary Sediment Trap

Answer 12

A temporary ponding area formed by constructing an earthen embankment with a stone outlet. to detain sediment-laden runoff from small disturbed areas long enough to allow the majority of the sediment to settle out.

Question 13

3.14 Temporary Sediment Basin

Answer 13

A temporary barrier or dam with a controlled stormwater release structure formed by constructing an embankment of compacted soil across a drainageway. To detain sediment-laden runoff from disturbed areas in “wet” and “dry” storage long enough for the majority of the sediment to settle out.

Question 14

3.15 Temporary Slope Drain

Answer 14

A flexible tubing or conduit extending from the top to the bottom of a cut or fill slope. To temporarily conduct concentrated stormwater runoff safely down the face of a cut or fill slope without causing erosion on or below the slope.

Question 15

3.16 Paved Flume

Answer 15

A permanent paved channel constructed on a slope. to conduct stormwater runoff safely down the face of a slope without causing erosion problems on or below the slope.

Question 16

3.17 Stormwater Conveyance Channel

Answer 16

A permanent, designed waterway, shaped, sized, and lined with appropriate vegetation or structural material used to safely convey stormwater runoff within or away from a developing area. To provide for the conveyance of concentrated surface water to a receiving channel or system without damage from erosion.

Question 17

3.18 Outlet Protection

Answer 17

Structurally lined aprons or other acceptable energy dissipating devices placed at the outlets of pipes or paved channel sections. To prevent scour at stormwater outlets, to protect the outlets structure, and to minimize the potential for downstream erosion by reducing the veolocity and energy of concentrated stormwater flows.

Question 18

3.19 Riprap

Answer 18

A permanent, erosion-resistant ground cover of large, loose, angular stone with filter fabric or granular underlining. To protect the soil from the erosive forces of concentrated runoff To slow the velocity of concentrated runoff while enhancing the potential for infiltration. To stabilize slopes with seepage problems and/or non-cohesive soils.

Question 19

3.20 Rock Check Dams

Answer 19

Small temporary stone dams constructed across a swale or drainage ditch. To reduce the velocity of concentrated stormwater flows, thereby reducing erosion of the swale or ditch. This practice also traps sediment generated from adjacent areas or the ditch itself, mainly by ponding of the stormwater runoff. Field experience has shown it to perform more effectively than silt fence or straw bales in the effor the stabilize “wet-weather” ditches.

Question 20

3.21 Level Spreader

Answer 20

An outlet for dikes and diversions consisting of an excavated depression constructed at zero grade across a slope. To convert concentrated runoff to sheet flow and release it uniformly onto areas stabilized by existing vegetation.

Question 21

3.22 Vegetative Streambank Stabilization

Answer 21

The use of vegetation in stabilizing streambanks. To protect streambanks from the erosive forces of flowing water.

Question 22

3.23 Structural Streambank Stablization

Answer 22

Methods of stabilizing the banks of live streams with permanent structural measures. To protect streambanks from the erosive forces of flowing water.

Question 23

3.24 Temporary Vehicular Stream Crossing

Answer 23

A temporary structural span installed across a flowing watercourse for use by construction traffic. Structures may include bridges, round pipe arches, or oval pipes. To provide a means for construction traffic to cross flowing streams without damaging the channel or banks. To keep sediment generated by construction traffic out of the stream.

Question 24

3.25 Utility Stream Crossing

Answer 24

A strategy for crossing small waterways when in-stream utility construction is involved. To help protect sediment from entering the stream from construction within approach areas. to minimize the amount of disturbance within the stream itself.

Question 25

3.27 Turbidity Curtain

Answer 25

A floating geotextile material which minimizes sediment transport from a disturbed area adjacent to or within a body of water. To provide sedimentation protection for a watercourse from up-slope land disturbance or from dredging or filling within the watercourse.

Question 26

3.26 Dewatering Structure

Answer 26

A temporary settling and filtering device for water which is discharges from dewatering activities. To filter sediment-laden water prior to the water being discharged off-site.

Question 27

3.28 Subsurface Drain

Answer 27

A perforated conduit such as a pipe, tubing or tile installed beneath the ground to intercept and convey ground water. To prevent sloping soils from becoming excessively wet and subject to sloughing. To improve the quality of the growth medium in excessively wet areas by lowering the water table. To drain stromwater detention areas or structures.

Question 28

3.29 Surface Roughening

Answer 28

Providing a rough soil surface with horizontal depressions created by operatinf a tillage or other suitable implement on the contour, or by leaving slopes in a roughened condition by not fine-grading them. To aid in establishment of vegitative cover with seed. To reduce runoff velocity and increase infiltration. To reduce erosion and provide for sediment trapping.

Question 29

3.30 Topsoiling

Answer 29

Methods of preserving and using the surface layer of undisturbed soil, often enriched in organic matter, in order to obtain a more desirable planting and growth medium. To provide a suitable growth medium for final site stabilization with vegetation.

Question 30

3.31 Temporary Seeding

Answer 30

The establishment of a temporary vegetative cover on disturbed areas by seeding with appropriate rapidly growing annual plants. To reduce erosion and sedimentation by stabilizing disturbed areas that will not be brought to final grade for a period of more than 30 days. To reduce damage from sediment and runoff to downstream or off-site areas, and to provide protection to bare soils exposed during construction until permanent vegetation or other erosion control measures can be established.

Question 31

3.32 Permanent Seeding

Answer 31

the establishment of perennial vegetative cover on disturbed areas by planting seed. To reduce erosion and decrease sediment yield from disturbed areas. To permanently stabilize disturbed areas in a manner that is economical, adaptable, to site conditions, and allows selection of the most appropriate plant materials. To improve wildlife habitat. To enhance natural beauty.

Question 32

3.33 Sodding

Answer 32

Stabilizing fine-graded areas by establishing permanent grass stands with sod. To establish permanent turf immediately. To prevent erosion and damage from sediment and runoff by stabilizing the soil surface. To reduce the production of dust and mud associated with bare soil surfaces. To stabilize drainage ways where concentrated overland flow will occur. For use as a filtering device for sediments in areas prior to achieving permanent stabilization.

Question 33

3.34 Burmudagrass and Zoysiagrass Establishment

Answer 33

The establishment of vegetative cover with hybrid Bermudagrass or Zoysiagrass by planting sprigs, stolons, or plugs. To reduce erosion and decrease sediment yield from disturbed areas. To stabilize disturbed areas with a specific plant material suited to the site at a cost of less than would be incurred by installing sod. To establish vegetative cover more rapidly than would be possible using seed.

Question 34

3.35 Mulching

Answer 34

Application of plant residues or other suitable materials to the soil surface. To prevent erosion by protecting the soil surface from raindrop impact and reducing the velocity of overland flows. To foster the growth of vegetation by increasing available moisture and providing insulation against heat and cold.

Question 35

3.36 Soil Stabilization Blankets and Matting

Answer 35

The installation of a protective covering (blanket) or a soil stabilization mat on a prepared planting areas of a steep slope, channel or shoreline. To aid in controlling erosion or critical areas by providing a microclimate which protects young vegetation and promotes its establishment. In addition, some types of soil stabilization mats are also used to raise the maximum permissible velocity of turf grass stands in channelized areas by “reinforcing the turf” to resist the forces of erosion during storm events.

Question 36

3.37 Trees, Shrubs, Vines, & Ground Covers

Answer 36

Stabilizing disturbed areas by establishing vegetative cover with trees, shrubs, vines, or ground covers. To aid in stabilizing soil in areas where vegetation other than turf is preferred. To provide food and shelter for wildlife habitat is desirable.

Question 37

3.38 Tree Preservation and Protection

Answer 37

Protection of desirable trees from mechanical and other injury during land disturbing and construction activity.

Question 38

3.39 Dust Control

Answer 38

Reducing surface and air movement of dust during land disturbing, demolition and construction activities.