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hematology - > erythrocytes > Flashcards

erythrocytes Flashcards

1
Q

the average lifespan of normal red blood cell

A

120 days

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2
Q

the Sodium-Potassium cation pump is an important mechanism in keeping the RBC intact. its function if to maintain a high level of

A

intracellular potassium

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3
Q

which of the following depicts the structure of the hemoglobin molecule?

A

four heme groups, four globin chains

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4
Q

describe the process known as CULLING

A

removal of abnormal red cell in the spleen

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5
Q

hemoglobin forms that are incapable of oxygen transport are

A

carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin

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6
Q

the majority of the iron found in an adult is a constituent of

A

hemoglobin

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7
Q

the senescent red blood cell is one that has

A

lived its lifespan/already old

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8
Q

what red cell morphologic abnormality is described by the term poikilocytosis?

A

deviations from normal shape

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9
Q

Howell-jolly bodies are composed of

A

DNA

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10
Q

When spherocytes are reported, what is observed on the peripheral blood smear?

A

red cells without central pallor

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11
Q

the red cells found in lead poisoning characteristically exhibit coarse granules composed of _____ that are reported as_____

A

aggregate ribosomes; basophilic stippling

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12
Q

Rouleaux of red blood cells when seen in the monolayer of a blood smear is characteristic of

A

multiple myeloma

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13
Q

which of the following statements about iron is true?

a. absorption occurs in the ileum
b. the mucosal cell always absorbs the correct amount of iron to meet needs.
c. absorption increases when erythropoietic activity increases
d. alkaline pH favors absorption

A

c. absorption increases when erythropoietic activity increases

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14
Q

what term describes a mature red blood cell that contains iron granules or deposits?

A

siderocyte

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15
Q

which of the following is associated with a “shift to the left” in the oxygen dissociation curve of hemoglobin?

a. decreased pH and elevated temperature
b. decreased oxygen affinity
c. decreased oxygen release
d. presence of 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)

A

c. decreased oxygen release

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16
Q

Which of the following statements does not characterize EPO (erythropoietin)?

a. transforms CFU-E into the earliest recognizable RBC precursor
b. increase the rate of red blood cell production by the bone marrow
c. shortens the maturation time of the developing eryhtroid precursors
d. decrease stimulation of erythropoiesis when cellular hypoxia increases

A

d. decrease stimulation of erythropoiesis when cellular hypoxia increases

17
Q

which of the following result in the immediate increase in oxygen delivery to the tissues?

a. increase pH
b. high altitude
c. increase hemoglobin binding of 2,3-BPG
d. increased renal release of erythropoietin

A

c. increase hemoglobin binding of 2,3-BPG

18
Q

periods of intense erythropoietin activity cause premature release of marrow reticulocytes into the blood. which of the following is not true of these early reticulocytes?

a. loss of residual RNA occurs immediately upon marrow release
b. circulate longer than usual before reaching maturity
c. may be termed shift or stress reticulocytes
d. show diffuse basophilia with Wright’s stain

A

a. loss of residual RNA occurs immediately upon marrow release
- it will take another day in the blood to release the RNA

19
Q

the inclusion only visible with the Supravital staining

A

Heinz bodies

-basophilic stippling, cabot rings and pappenheimer are visible on wright and supravital stains

20
Q

the presence of schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear is commonly associated with

A

increased red cell destruction

21
Q

which of the following may be a sign of accelerated bone marrow eryhtropoiesis?

a. hypercellular marrow with a decreased number of RBC precursors
b. bone marrow M:E ratio of 6:1
c. nucleated cell in the peripheral circulation
d. low erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels

A

c. nucleated cell in the peripheral circulation

22
Q

microcytic, hypochromic red cells are most often associated with impaired

A

hemoglobin synthesis

23
Q

when acanthocytes are found on a blood smear, it is usually a result of

A

altered membrane lipids

24
Q

which erythrocyte metabolic pathway generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A

Embden-Meyerhof

25
Q

which of the red blood cell precursors is the last stage to undergo mitosis?

A

polychromatophilic normoblast

26
Q

the major adult hemoglobin requires the synthesis of alpha-globin chains and

A

Beta-globin chains

27
Q

defective nuclear maturation commonly results in the production of red cells that are

A

Macrocytic

28
Q

the major storage form of iron is

A

Ferritin

29
Q

the red cells observed on a peripheral blood smear show extreme anisocytosis with an equal number of macrocytes and microcytes. which of the following values correlates with this finding?

a. MCV 108.0 fL, RDW 14.0%
b. MCV 90.0 fL, RDW 25.0%
c. MCV 75.0 fL, RDW 16.0%
d. MCV 88.0 fL, RDW 12.0%

A

b. MCV 90.0 fL, RDW 25.0%

-MCV will fall into falsely normal values (80-100 fL), expect a high RDW on heterogenous population of cells are present
(NV: 11.8-16.1)

30
Q

excessive extravascular red cell destruction is associated with

A

bilirubinemia

31
Q

which protein is primarily responsible for transport of hemoglobin dimers resulting from intravascular hemolysis?

A

haptoglobin

32
Q

the morphologic abnormality characteristically found in hemoglobinopathies is

A

codocytes

33
Q

where do the early and late stages of heme synthesis occur?

A

in mitochondria

34
Q

spectrin is a protein that occupies a major role in

A

red cell membrane structure

35
Q

what is the function of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the red blood cell?

A

neutralize intracellular oxidants that accumulate

36
Q

what des measuring total iron binding capacity (TIBC) represent?

A

amount of iron that transferrin can bind

37
Q

serum ferritin is a good indicator of the amount of

A

storage iron

38
Q

fetal hemoglobin differs from an adult hemoglobin in that hemoglobin F

A

resist elution from red cells with acid solutions

hematology - (3 decks)

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