Erythrocyte disorders Flashcards
Describe the hypochromia
Pale cells
MCH 30 g/dL
What are the associated medical conditions of hypochromia?
Anemias: Severe Fe defic Sideroblastic Thalassemia Lead poisoning Transferrin deficiency
Describe target cells
Cells with dark center & periphery
What are the associated medical conditions of target cells?
Liver disease
Thalassemia
Fe defic anemia
Hemoglobinopathy
Define reticulocyte
a measurement and percentage of how many reticulocytes are in the blood
Describe cigar cells
Cigar shaped cells
What type of cells are associated with Iron deficiency anemia
Cigar cells
What type of cells are characterized by large oval cells >9
Megalocytes
What type of disorders are associated with Megalocytes?
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Pernicious anemia
- Chemotherapy
Define Anisocytosis
Abnormal variation in size of cells
What medical conditions are associated with anisocytosis?
Severe anemia
Fe defic anemia
Hemolytic anemia
Define Poikilocytosis
Abnormal variation in shapes of cells
What disorder of cells is Severe anemia associated with?
Poikilocytosis
Describe Howell-Jolly Body cells
Spherical purple bodies within cells
What medical conditions are associated with Howell-Jolly body cells?
Hyposplenism Pernicious anemia (B12 def.) Thalassemia Sickle cell Hemolytic anemia
Describe spherocyte cells
Spherical cells
Lack central palor
Small, dense
Loss of cell water
What medical condition are spherocytes associated with?
spherocytosis
Describe tear drop cells
Dacrocytes
Tear drop shaped
What medical condition are associated with tear drop cells?
Myeloproliferative dz
Thalassemia
Pernicious anemia
Tuberculosis
What is the cause of tear drop cells?
Compromised bone marrow space
Describe elliptocytes
Oval-elongated cells
What medical condition is associated with elliptocytes?
Fe defic anemia
What medical conditions are associated with nucleated RBC?
Hemolytic anemia
Polycythema vera
Severe anemia
Multiple myeloma
What type of cell has a characteristic RBC with nucleus still present?
Nucleated RBC
Describe schistocyte cells
Fragmentation of RBCs
Helmet cells
What medical conditions are associated with schistocytes?
Severe burns Lead poisoning Snake bites Vasculitis Thrombocytopenia
What type of cells are crescent shaped
Sickle cells
What disease is associated with sickle cells?
Sickle cell disease
What type of cells are characterized by Clumping of RBCs in disorganized mass
Agglutination
What disease is agglutination associated with?
Cold agglutinin disease
What type of cells present with a stack of coins formation?
Rouleaux
What type of medical condition is associated with Rouleax?
proteinopathy
What type of cells are characterized by Dust-like iron granules within cell?
Siderocytes
What type of diseases are associated with sideocytes?
Sideroblastic anemia
Hyposplenism
Hemochromatosis
What are the medical conditions CVD, Cirrhosis, Neoplasm associated with?
Stomatocytes
Describe stomatocytes
Loss of red cell membrane
Ring of Pallor within cell
Describe what acanthocytes look like
Spiculated-spur shape
Thorny projections
What medical conditions are associated with acanthocytes?
Alcoholic Cirrhosis
Pancreatitis
Hemolytic anemia
Malabsortion
What is the cause of acanthocyte cells?
Accumulation of cholesterol in cell membrane
Define Porphyria
- Group of diseases caused by a deficit in enzymes involved in porphyrin metabolism
- Inherited defects in heme biosynthesis that result in excess production of prophyrin precursors
What test do you use for Erythrocyte Porphorins?
Standard RBC protporphyrin assay
-Used to differentiate between porphyrias
Describe the characteristics of Burr cells?
Echinocytes
Burr-like cells
Rounded spinous projections
What medical conditions are associated with Burr cells
Artifact ( EDTA)
Stomach Cancer
Uremia
- Go back for objectives 2, 3, and 4
ESR and porphyrias
