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Oral Histology > Eruption and Shedding > Flashcards

Eruption and Shedding Flashcards

1
Q

The movements a tooth makes to attain and maintain its position in the jaw is known as ___.

A

eruption

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2
Q

What direction does a tooth not move during eruption?

A

apically

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3
Q

T/F. Tooth movement occurs throughout life.

A

True.

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4
Q

The movements of eruption are a ___ activity involving different cell types of the ___ ___.

A

cellular; periodontal ligament

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5
Q

What cells are involved in movements of eruption?

A

cementoblast
osteoblast
osteoclast
fibroblast

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6
Q

What is the most numerous cell type of the periodontal ligament?

A

fibroblast

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7
Q

What are the 3 functions of fibroblasts?

A
  1. secretes extracellular substance (fibroblast)
  2. lysis extracellular substance (fibroclast)
  3. may become a contracting cell (fibromyocyte)
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8
Q

What is a contracting cell called?

A

a ‘fibromyocyte’ myofibroblast

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9
Q

A fibromyocyte or myofibroblast is a cell that is connected to principal ___ fiber bundles that connect the tooth to ___ bone, when it contracts the collagen fibers ___ moving the tooth.

A

collagen; alveolar; contract

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10
Q

What are the 3 stages of eruption?

A
  1. preemergence
  2. prefunctional
  3. functional
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11
Q

What is the main direction of movement during the preemergence stage?

A

facially

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12
Q

What is the main direction of movement during the prefunctional stage?

A

occlusially

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13
Q

What is the main direction of movement during the functional stage?

A

mesially

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14
Q

The preemergence stage starts with the appearance of the ___ ___ and continue to the appearance of the ___ ___ ___ and ___ root sheath, just prior to the start of root ___ formation.

A

dental lamina; reduced enamel epithelium; Hertwig’s; dentin

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15
Q

After enamel formation is complete, what do the four cell layers of the enamel organ form?

A

the reduced enamel epithelium

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16
Q

The cervical loop is where the ___ and ___ layers of the enamel organ come together to form ___ ___ ___ ___.

A

outer; inner; Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

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17
Q

How is the reduced enamel epithelium attached to the completed enamel surface?

A

by a basal lamina

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18
Q

During demineralization of a forming crown of an extracted tooth, the reduced enamel epithelium is attached to ___ enamel.

A

immature

19
Q

What are the two main functions of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath?

A
  1. determines the number of root canals of tooth

2. determines the root dentin outline

20
Q

T/F. The preemergence stage starts after root formation.

A

False, it starts BEFORE root formation

21
Q

In what stage are the number of root canals determined?

A

Preemergence

22
Q

The openings in the Hertwig’s ___ indicate the number of root ___ before the start of root formation.

A

diaphragm; canals

23
Q

The ___ stage starts with root dentin formation and ends when the tooth reaches occlusial plane.

A

prefunctional

24
Q

The apical end of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath continues as the ___ and determines the number of root ___.

A

diaphragm; canals

25
Q

When the HERS breaks up, what process occurs cervically?

A

cemetogenesis

26
Q

The first step in the fate of HERS is the ___/___ stage. Here the number of root ___ is determined and the tooth erupts ___ from this level.

A

sheath/diaphragm; canals; occlusially

27
Q

During the second step of the fate of HERS, the ___ elongates to determine the root ___ outline. The ___ remains at relatively the same level.

A

sheath; dentin; diaphragm

28
Q

Finally, the root ___ forms when the sheath breaks-up in the last step of the fate of HERS. ___ forms on exposed dentin. This sequence continues ___ until root dentin is completed.

A

dentin; Cementum; apically

29
Q

T/F. Remnants of epithelial cells from HERS in the periodontal ligament appear during the functional stage of eruption. This is known as the epithelial rest of Malassez.

A

False. Remnants of epithelial cells from HERS in the periodontal ligament appear during the PREFUNCTIONAL stage of eruption. This is known as the epithelial rest of Malassez.

30
Q

During the prefunctional stage of eruption, what merges with the reduced enamel epithelium and undergoes cell death?

A

oral epithelium. The allows the coronal most part of the tooth to emerge into the oral cavity

31
Q

Once the tooth emerges into the oral cavity, what does the reduced enamel epithelium become?

A

the junctional epithelium

32
Q

What attaches the junctional epithelium to the tooth surface?

A

basal lamina

33
Q

The basal lamina can be found along the surfaces of the ___ and ___ and it continues to the ___ tissue (lamina propria) side of the free gingival junctional epithelium.

A

enamel; cementum; connective

34
Q

T/F. There are two basal lamina associated with the junctional epithelium.

A

True.

35
Q

Which eruption stage begins with the occlusal plane and physiologically continues throughout life?

A

functional stage

36
Q

What positions can you find junctional epithelium as it changes throughout life?

A

A. Attached to enamel
B. Attached to enamel and cementum
C. Attached to cementum

37
Q

What stage of eruption does the functional arrangement of principal fibers of PDL occur?

A

functional stage

38
Q

T/F. Attrition, dead tracts, and reparative (teritary) dentin can lead to changes during functional eruption.

A

True.

39
Q

Continued ___ formation, reduced ___ tissue volume and ___ mineralization are all examples of changes that can occur during the functional stage of eruption.

A

dentin; pulp; ectopic

40
Q

A bone ___ can be seen on radiograph surrounding the ___ molar during the preemergence stage.

A

crypt; third

41
Q

___ is defines as the physiologic elimination of ___ teeth by the resorptive action of ___.

A

Shedding; primary; odontoclasts

42
Q

Where do odontoclast originate from? How does it get to its target site?

A

bone marrow; via lood vessels

43
Q

T/F. Odontoclast resorb the 4 mineralized tissues of teeth.

A

three

44
Q

What must remain intact on the enamel of permanent premolars if they wish to avoid damage during shedding?

A

reduced enamel epithelium

Oral Histology (13 decks)

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