Errors in Meiosis

Question 1

Chromosomal Abnormalities

Answer 1

Incorrect number of chromosomes

2 general causes

nondisjunction: Chromosomes don’t seperate during meiosis propely breakage of chromosomes

Deletion
Duplication
Inversion
Translocation

Question 2

Genetic Testing

Answer 2

Done to make a ____karyotype_______ of a baby
Two general types of tests can be done during pregnancy

Amniocentesis:
Take sample of amniotic fluid surrounding the embryo during the second trimester (11-14 weeks), then stain and photograph the chromosomes
Risk of harming the developing baby

Chorionic:
Take a sample of cells from the chorion (outer membrane of the embryo) around 8 weeks of pregnancy, then stain and photograph the chromosomes
Some risk to harming the developing baby

Question 3

Changes in chromosomal structure

Answer 3

Error of replication:

• Deletion
  loss of a chromosomal segment
• Duplication
  repeat a segment

Error of crossing over:

• Inversion
  reverses a segment
• Translocation
  move segment from one to another

Question 4

Turner’s Syndrome
symptoms

Answer 4

Various impacts including: _webbed_______ neck, short stature, ___sterile_____

Question 5

Trisomy X symptoms

Answer 5

Produces relatively healthy females because all but one X is inactivated, therefore often goes unnoticed

Question 6

Prader-Willi Syndrome symptoms

Answer 6

Characterized by increased likelihood of obesity, learning challenges, short stature, small hands and feet

Question 7

Angelman Syndrome symptoms

Answer 7

Characterized by spontaneous laughter, jerky movements

Question 8

Patau’s Syndrome

Answer 8

Cleft lip or cleft palate, difficulty gaining weight, small head, extra fingers/toes, heart defects, intellectual disability

Question 9

Edward’s Syndrome

Answer 9

Only 10% babies survive past 1 year, small jaw, severe intellectual disability, heart defects, clenched fists, low weight

Question 10

Cri du Chat Syndrome

Answer 10

High-pitched shrill cry, intellectual disability, wide eyes and small jaw,